UNC EXSS 181 Final Exam | 205 Questions and Answers | RATED A+ | UPDATED 2024.

UNC EXSS 181 Final Exam | 205 Questions and Answers | RATED A+ | UPDATED 2024. 4 steps of PST program - 1. Education and assessment: teach importance 2. Acquisition: create strategies for learning skills 3. Practice: 4. Evaluation: did it work? Sport and Exercise Psychology - The scientific study of human behavior in sport and exercise, and the practical application of that knowledge Overtraining - - Part of training cycle (overload) in which training is raised and then lowered to make the body more fit - Short cycle of high levels of training that are near or at maximal capacity Why are the phases of PST programs described as a circular process? - you always reassess at the end and try again 3 roles of sport psychologists - -Research (plan, design, implement, and evaluate research); -Teaching (university courses); -Consulting (help individuals and teams improve performance) Staleness - - A state in which the athlete has difficulty maintaining standard training regimens and can no longer achieve previous performance results - Physical and emotional lull - Early sign of burnout What is the ultimate goal of PST? - Self Regulation: the ability to work towards one's short and long term goals by effectively motion and managing one's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. 2 major types of questions in the field? - -Understanding the effects of psychological factors on sport/physical activity behavior and performance -Understanding the effects of participating in sport/physical activity on psychological development, health, and well-being Burnout - - Multidimensional cognitive-affective syndrome characterized by dimensions of physical and emotional exhaustion, reduced sense of personal accomplishment, devaluation of sport context - Largely conceptualized as a response to chronic negative stress What are self-regulations 5 stages? - 1. Problem Identification 2. Commitment 3. Execution 4. Environmental management 5. Generalization What does B= f(P,E) mean? - Behavior is a function of both the person and his/her environment -Is dynamic; precise prediction difficult; need to understand both person and context 3 Characteristics/Dimensions of Burnout - - Physical and emotional exhaustion UNC EXSS 181 Final Exam | 205 Questions and Answers | RATED A+ | UPDATED 2024. - Reduced sense of personal accomplishment - Devaluation of sport context Who is at the highest risk of burnout? - - Perfectionism - Type A - High trait anxiety - Low self-confidence - Being overly other-oriented Who are the main historical figures? What did they do? - --Norman Triplett: key figure in history of social, sport, and exercise psychology; studied social facilitation of bikers; tested whether bikers rode faster when in groups than alone --Coleman Griffith: "Father of Modern Sport Psychology"; first research lab; 25 research articles What are common problems in implementing PST programs? - 1. Lack of conviction 2. Lack of time 3. Lack of sport knowledge (by consultant) 4. Lack of follow-up (athlete and consultant) What are the differences between the 3 methods of arousal control? - 1. Deep breathing: simple breathing out releases tension 2. PMR: contracting and relaxing releases tension 3. Autogenic training: producing sensations in your body releases tension 6 periods of sports psychology - --Early years(): characterized by isolated studies --Griffith Era(): sport psychology labs and psychological testing took place; Coleman Griffith became the first American to specialize in the area; lab at University of Illinois --Preparation for Future(): characterized by the field's scientific development attributable to the educational efforts of Franklin Henry --Establishment of Academic Branch(): sport and exercise psychology became a valued component of the academic discipline of physical education --Multidisciplinary Research(): multidisciplinary science and practice, characterized by tremendous growth as the field became more accepted and respected by the public --Contemporary(2000-present): distinguished by continued growth worldwide, considerable diverse research, and interest in application and consulting Physical/Psychological Responses to Burnout - - Tension - State anxiety - Anger - Depression - Insomnia - Negative self-talk What is the advantage of the deep breathing technique? - It is easy and effective - it is also very quick so you can use it during breaks Identify and explain 3 ways of knowing. Advantages/disadvantages of each? - - Common sense (intuition, speculation); strength= easy and quick; limitations= not based on experience or data -Practical experience (observations, case studies); strengths= immediate, innovative; limitations= fails to explain mechanisms, susceptible to bias -Science (controlled, empirical investigations); strengths= reliable, objective; limitations= reductionistic, slow to evolve Stress Model of Burnout - - Commitment & Entrapment Theory - Participate because they "have to" not "want to" because of: social pressures; lack of attractive alternatives; large investments What are two assumptions of PMR? - 1. tension and relaxation cannot occur simultaneously 2. relaxation of muscles contributes to relaxation of the mind 4 steps of scientific method? - -Develop the problem (what is the purpose; independent/dependent variables) -Formulate hypotheses (must be testable) -Gather data -Analyze and interpret results Non-Stressed Model of Burnout - - Identity & Control Model - Stress is a symptom of burnout NOT the driving force - Burnout in young athletes is not about individual response to participation but about fundamental structure of sport Socialization - - A continuous process whereby individuals learn skills, behaviors, attitudes, and values that cause or enable them to function in their group or culture What are the sensations that we focus on in Autogenic training - 1. Heaviness in extremities* 2. Warmth in extremities* 3. Regulation in HR 4. Regulation in breathing 5. Abdominal warmth 6. Cool forehead Identify the IV and DV in the following statement: do 8 year old gymnasts learn new vaults faster if they are exposed to mastery versus coping models? - IV: Mastery vs. coping models DV: speed of learning.