NUR 414 Cardio Exam Questions with Correct Answers

NUR 414 Cardio Exam Questions with Correct Answers A patent ductus arteriosus allows blood to flow in which direction? - Answer-From the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the fetal lungs What three structures should close within the first few days of life - Answer-1. ductus arteriosus 2. ductus venosus 3. foramen ovale Which side of the heart has greater pressure? - Answer-Left side right side Is resistance less in the pulmonary circulation or systemic circulation? - AnswerResistance is less in the pulmonary circulation If the first child is born with a congenital heart defect, what's the chance of having another child with a heart defect? - Answer-3% risk of recurrence -- "97% chance of having a healthy baby" What are common causes of congenital heart defects/congenital heart disease? - Answer-1. Maternal drug use -- fetal alcohol syndrome -- 50% risk 2. Rubella in first 7 weeks of pg -- 50% risk (PDA, pulmonary branch stenosis) 3. CMV, toxoplasmosis, viral. illnesses S&S of congenital heart disease - Answer-*Cardiac dysfunction -- hypoxia -- interference with Maslow's hierarchy of needs (poor feeding, poor development, poor growth) - poor feeding (not enough energy) - tachypnea / tachycardia / diaphoretic - FTT - poor weight gain - activity intolerance - developmental delay What screening tool is used in hospitals to detect CHD in newborns? - Answer-Pulse ox What might cause a heart murmur to be heard in a child with a previously normal heartbeat? - Answer-1. anemia 2. fever 3. rapid growth Complications of cardiac cath - Answer-- bleeding - perforation - arrhythmia - loss of pulse - death Post cardiac cath recovery - Answer--extubation -keep affected extremity straight -flat in bed x3-6 hrs -clear liquids, then advance as tolerated -watch for signs of bleeding, loss of pulse