AQAGCSE BIOLOGY 8461/1F Paper 1 Foundation Tier Version: 1.0 Final *jun2384611F01* IB/M/Jun23/E19 8461/1F QUESTION PAPER & MARKING SCHEME/ [MERGED] Marl( scheme June 2023

AQA GCSE BIOLOGY 8461/1F Paper 1 Foundation Tier Version: 1.0 Final *jun2384611F01* IB/M/Jun23/E19 8461/1F For Examiner’s Use Question Mark 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TOTAL Tuesday 16 May 2023 Morning Time allowed: 1 hour 45 minutes Materials For this paper you must have: • a ruler • a scientific calculator. Instructions • Use black ink or black ball-point pen. • Pencil should only be used for drawing. • Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. • Answer all questions in the spaces provided. • If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of this book. Write the question number against your answer(s). • Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. • In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer. Information • The maximum mark for this paper is 100. • The marks for questions are shown in brackets. • You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate. • You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. Please write clearly in block capitals. Centre number Candidate number Surname Forename(s) Candidate signature I declare this is my own work. GCSE BIOLOGY Foundation Tier Paper 1F F 2 *02* IB/M/Jun23/8461/1F Do not write outside the Answer all questions in the spaces provided. box 0 1 Plants are made of cells, tissues and organs. 0 1 . 1 Which part of a plant is the largest? [1 mark] Tick () one box. A guard cell A leaf A root hair Students investigated the effect of concentration of salt solution on the mass of pieces of potato. This is the method used. 1. Cut two pieces of potato to the same size. 2. Record the mass of each piece of potato. 3. Place one piece of potato into a beaker containing a dilute salt solution. 4. Place the other piece of potato into a beaker containing a concentrated salt solution. 5. After 20 minutes, remove each piece of potato from its solution. 6. Record the change in mass of each piece of potato. 7. Repeat steps 1 to 6 two more times. Table 1 shows the results. Table 1 Solution Change in mass of piece of potato in grams Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Mean Dilute salt solution 1.1 1.1 1.4 X Concentrated salt solution −7.2 −6.8 −32.4 −7.0 3 *03* Turn over ► IB/M/Jun23/8461/1F Do not write outside the box 0 1 . 2 Calculate mean value X in Table 1. [2 marks] X = grams There is an anomalous result for the concentrated salt solution in Table 1. 0 1 . 3 Draw a ring around the anomalous result in Table 1. [1 mark] 0 1 . 4 What did the students do with the anomalous result when calculating the mean in Table 1? [1 mark] 0 1 . 5 What name is given to a variable that is kept the same during an investigation? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Control variable Dependent variable Independent variable Question 1 continues on the next page 4 *04* IB/M/Jun23/8461/1F Do not write outside the box 0 1 . 6 One variable the students kept the same during the investigation was the size of the pieces of potato. Which other variable did the students keep the same? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Change in mass of pieces of potato Concentration of salt solution Time in the salt solution 0 1 . 7 The pieces of potato in the concentrated salt solution decreased in mass. Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box. [1 mark] excretion osmosis respiration Water moved out of the potato by the process of . 5 *05* Turn over ► IB/M/Jun23/8461/1F Do not write outside the box 0 1 . 8 The potato cells have a partially permeable membrane. Which particles can pass through a partially permeable membrane? [1 mark] Tick () one box. No particles Some particles All particles 0 1 . 9 How could the students improve their investigation? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Boil the pieces of potato at the start. Leave the skin on some pieces of potato. Use more concentrations of salt solution. Turn over for the next question 10 6 *06* IB/M/Jun23/8461/1F Do not write outside the box 0 2 Viruses cause disease. 0 2 . 1 What name is given to microorganisms that cause disease? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Pathogens Predators Producers 0 2 . 2 The body has defences to stop viruses entering. Draw one line from each defence to the part of the body that provides the defence. [2 marks] Defence Part of the body that provides the defence A physical barrier that stops viruses entering Mucus that traps viruses Brain Heart Nose Skin 7 *07* Turn over ► IB/M/Jun23/8461/1F Do not write outside the Some viruses can cause tumours to develop. box 0 2 . 3 Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box. [1 mark] digestion division metabolism A tumour can form when changes to cells cause uncontrolled cell . 0 2 . 4 Malignant tumours are cancers. Which two sentences describe malignant tumours? [2 marks] Tick () two boxes. Malignant tumours are only found in the reproductive system. Malignant tumours contain digestive enzymes. Malignant tumours do not change in size. Malignant tumours have cells that can spread to other parts of the body. Malignant tumours may form secondary tumours. Question 2 continues on the next page 8 *08* IB/M/Jun23/8461/1F Do not write outside the HPV is a virus that can cause one type of cancer in females. box In the UK since 2008, most 12 to 13-year-old females have been vaccinated against HPV. Scientists investigated the percentage of 16 to 18-year-old females with HPV. Table 2 shows the results. Table 2 Year Percentage (%) of 16 to 18-year-old females with HPV 2010 8.2 2012 3.2 2014 2.0 2016 1.6 0 2 . 5 What does Table 2 show about the percentage of females with HPV from 2010 to 2016? [1 mark] 0 2 . 6 Suggest the reason for the change you described in Question 02.5. [1 mark] 9 *09* Turn over ► IB/M/Jun23/8461/1F Do not write outside the box The HPV vaccine contains an inactive form of the virus. The inactive form of the virus is injected into the body. 0 2 . 7 Which part of the blood responds to the inactive virus? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Platelets Red blood cells White blood cells 0 2 . 8 What is produced by the body in response to the inactive virus? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Antibiotics Antibodies Antiseptics 0 2 . 9 Suggest one reason why some parents refuse to allow their children to have the HPV vaccine. Do not refer to the pain of the injection in your answer. [1 mark] Turn over for the next question 11 10 *10* IB/M/Jun23/8461/1F Do not write outside the box 0 3 Photosynthesis produces oxygen. 0 3 . 1 Complete the word equation for photosynthesis. Choose answers from the box. [3 marks] carbon dioxide fat glucose nitrogen protein water _____________________ + _____________________→ _____________________ + oxygen 0 3 . 2 Explain how oxygen is used in cell