COPE Health Scholars written exam review Questions & Answers(rated A+)COPE Health Scholars written exam review Questions & Answers(rated A+)

INFECTION PREVENTION (MODULE 12) -ANSWER True or False? Scholars may not enter Contact PLUS isolation rooms? -ANSWER False What does HAI stand for? define HAI -ANSWER stands for Hospital Associated Infection. leading cause of death in US HAI is an infection that is transmitted in a healthcare or hospital setting from delivering care What are 4 examples of multi-drug resistant organisms? aka antibiotic resistant -ANSWER 1) methicillin-resistant staphylococcus Aerus (MRSA) 2) Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) 3) Extended spectrum B-lactamase producing (ESBL) 4) Clostridium Difficile (C. Diff) What are the 3 levels of Infection Prevention in health care setting? -ANSWER Tier 1: Standard Precautions: protect all patients regardless of diagnoses Tier 2: Transmission Based Precaution: Precautions healthcare staff must take in order to protect from being infected by patient with a known infection Tier 3: Patient Protective Precaution: Immune compromised patients that need to be safeguarded from environment Give 6 examples of the types of patients considered immune-comprised patients -ANSWER 1) Newborn babies (especially premature babies) Remember they do not have the necessary antibodies and have weak cell-mediated immunity 2) elderly: have a slower immune system, that does not respond very quickly to infectious agents upon their entry 3) Surgical patients: tissue exposure during surgery that serves as a portal entry for infectious agents 4) immune compromised (HIV/AIDS, chemotherapy patients, organ transplant) 5) seriously ill patients (chemotherapy, HIV/AID, organ transplant) 6) physically and nutritionally depleted patients who are not getting essential nutrients and minerals and energy to develop a strong immune system What is the central premise of Standard precautions? -ANSWER All bodily fluids are potentially infectious Name a few examples of bodily fluids -ANSWER *amniotic fluid, *pleural fluid (from excess build-up fluid in pleural cavity of lungs) *pericardial fluid (excess build up fluid in sac-like structure surrounding heart, the pericardium) *sputum *nasal secretion *blood *non-intact skin *saliva *semen *vaginal fluids What are the 3 types of transmission based precautions -ANSWER 1) contact (either direct or indirect) : any skin to skin contact with patient, gown, surfaces patient has touches. 2) droplet: infectious agent that transmits infection when they travel from respiratory tract from infected individual via sneezing or coughing to susceptible mucosal surfaces of recipient (less than 3 feet away) 3) airborne: via contaminated dust particles or minute droplet nuclei (can be transmitted more than 3 feet away) Give examples of common bacterial infections -ANSWER 1) Streptococcus 2) staphylococcus 3) Tuberculosis Give examples of common viral infections -ANSWER 1) HIV -- AIDS 2) Epstein-Barre syndrome 3) Influenza virus 4) Hepatitis B What are complications that result from being infected with Streptococcus? -ANSWER Pharyngitis (strep throat), toxic shock syndrome, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, skin infections What are some complication that result from being infected with Staphylococcus? aka