chapter 3 nasm nutrition exam questions & answers 2024

chapter 3 nasm nutrition exam questions & answers 2024 What best describes an empirical scientific approach? - ANSWER-Controlled observation What represents a weakness of observational studies? - ANSWER-Correlation does not equal causation(cause for a result) What best represents a weakness of interventional designs? - ANSWER-Small number of subjects Is Scientific evidence fixed and immutable? - ANSWER-False Scientists randomly assign subjects to a low or high carbohydrate group and then look at changes in body weight over 3 months. What item represents the independent variable in this study? - ANSWER-diet type Scientists find that a protein supplement increases lean mass in the elderly. However, they caution that the results may not apply to other populations, like younger people. What term best describes what the scientists are referring to? - ANSWER-External validity A scientist proposes that sugar is inherently fattening, and performs a study comparing a high-sugar diet to a low-sugar diet with equal calories. He finds that fat gain was the same between the diets. What term describes how this study effects the initial proposal? - ANSWER-Falsification(falsifying information or a theory.) What observational study design allows scientists to hypothesize a potential causal association? - ANSWER-Cohort study(a group of people with a common statistical characteristic) Fructose has been shown in studies to have adverse effects on blood triglycerides when consumed in excess of calorie needs. However, moderate doses of fructose have been shown to have no effect. What item best describes the conclusion that should be drawn from this data? - ANSWER-Fructose intake