Labor and Delivery (Exam 1) Questuions & Answers

Labor and Delivery (Exam 1) Questuions & Answers -birth passage (passageway) -fetus (passenger) -relationship between the passage and fetus (proportion, fetus size or position) -physiologic forces of labor (powers) -psychological factors (psyche) - ANS-what are the critical factors in labor? fetal presentation - ANS--the manner in which the fetus appears to the examiner during delivery -head first or butt first? fetal attitude - ANS--how well flexed or extended the fetus is -ideally, well flexed -the relationship of body parts of the fetus -cephalic -breech -shoulder - ANS-what are the three fetal presentations? cephalic - ANS-the fetus is head first breech - ANS-the fetus is butt first breech and shoulder - ANS-what two fetal positions are an indication for c-section? -vertex or occiput -sinciput -brow -facial - ANS-what are the 4 types of cephalic presentation? vertex/cephalic presentation - ANS--crown of the head is the presenting part of the fetus -***most commonly seen presentation and what we want to see -fetal head is completely flexed and the fetal chin is flexed to the chest sinciput presentation - ANS--fetal head is partially flexed -top of head is the presenting part of the fetus brow presentation - ANS-the eyebrow or forehead is the presenting part of the fetus facial presentation - ANS--the head is hyperextended -the face is the presenting part of the fetus -cephalic/vertex -well flexed is the most ideal for vaginal delivery - ANS-what is the most ideal type of cephalic presentation? right occiput anterior (ROA) - ANS-what is the most common type of fetal presentation? right occiput anterior (ROA) - ANS--the crown of the fetus's head is to the right and forward of the mother's pelvis -when the baby is delivered, we should see the back of the baby's head frank breech - ANS-breech presentation where the buttocks is the presenting part footling breech - ANS-breech presentation where the feet are the presenting part shoulder/transverse/lie presentation - ANS--presentation where the fetus is laying across the mother's abdomen -the presenting part of the fetus is the shoulder flexed - ANS-what fetal attitude is ideal? -face: bones well fused -base of skull: 2 temporal bones well fused -vault: **not fused** held together by sutures - ANS-what are the 3 major parts of the fetal head? sutures - ANS-the membranous spaces between cranial bones fontanels - ANS--intersections of cranial sutures that can mold -anterior is diamond shaped -posterior is triangle shaped -anterior is open longer than the posterior -during the delivery process of a vaginal delivery, the sutures can override themselves to make the head a little smaller through the birthing process -as the brain grows, these allow for the skull to grow with the brain - ANS-what is the purpose of sutures and the vault on the fetal head?... CONTINUES...