New York State Cosmetology Board Exam 2024 latest update fully solved & updated

Hydrogen Bond Bonds easily broken by water and heat Salt Bond Weak Physical side bonds eaisly broken by change in pH Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:00 Full screen Side Bonds (Cross Bonds) connecy the polypeptide chains side-by-side and are responsible for the hair's strength and elasticity Side Bonds (Cross Bonds) connects the polypeptide chains side-by-side and are responsible for the hair's strength and elasticity How to reform Salt Bond restor pH balance Disulfide bonds Strong chemical side bonds that can only be broken by chemical solutions Breaking Disulfide Bonds Chemical Solutions that break original CYSTEINE chain Reforming Disulfide Bonds relinks with neighboring atom in different CYSTINE chain Cyst-EINE An amino acid joined with another cyst-eine amino acid to create cyst-ine amino acid Cysc-INE An amino acid that joins together two peptide strands Peptide BONDS End Bonds that connect amino acids (end to end) that form polypeptides Polypeptide CHAINS are a spiraling chain of amino acids joined together by polypeptide bonds Development of a Single Strand of Hair Amino Acids Peptide Bond (3) Polypeptide Chains twist around each other to form a profibril (9) Protofibrils are packaged together as a bundle (11) Bundles will produce a microfibril (100+) of microfibrils are cemented together in a fibrous protein, macrofibril Cortical Fiber (Cortex) Cuticle Scales Microbe a microorganism, especially a bacterium causing disease or fermentation. Saprophytes a plant, fungus, or microorganism that lives on dead or decaying organic matter. Ringworm Tinea - a fungal parasite characterized by red rings with white, itchy scales Tinea Ringworm - a fungal parasite characterized by red rings with white, itchy scales Tinea Barbae Bacterial/fungal infection that inflames the hair follicles (foliculitis) Tinea Capitis fungal infection of the scalp characterized by pink scalp with red spots and a white, scaly appearance Tinea Favosa Fungal infection (Honeycomb Ringworm) characterized by pink scalp, whitish-yellow crusts (scutula), slight odor Cocci circular shaped bacteria that produce pus or clusters can produce strep throat and blood poisoning. Rarely show active motility. 3 groups: staphylocci, Diplocci, Streptococci Staphyloccil grow in clusters, pus forming, produce boils, pustules and abscesses. Infects skin or scalp. Caused by localized bacteria infection of the skin or hair follicle. 2 types: furuncle, carbuncle Furuncle A boil or abcess of the skin located in the hair follicle. It is an infection in the follicle caused by the bacteria staphylococcus aureas. Infected area can have more than 1 opening. Can stem from ingrown hair, foreign object lodged in the kin, or acne. Characterized by swelling, inflammation and pus with tenderness and pain Carbuncle Larger than a furncle Diplocci spherical bacteria that grow in pairs Streptococci chain shaped, grow in curved lines, pus-forming, and produce strep throat and blood poisoning. Streptococci may also produce boils, pustules and abcesses Bacilli Long rod-shaped bacteria that cause tetanus, tuberculosis and influenza Spirilla Spiral-shaped, twisted bacteria which cause lyme disease Cilia Hair like-projections that aids in motility Flagella Long appendage that propels the bacteria through liquids. Pityriasis Dandruff, characterized by an excelllerated build-up of white, flaky skin that is shed from the skin or scalp paired with malassezia ( fungus) and/or overactive sebacious gland and/or stress, climate, hormones, etc. two types: pityriasis capitis simplex and pitsriasis steatoides Pityriasis Capitis simplex Charc. by white lightweight flakes that either attach to the scalp in clusters or are scattered loosely within hair and eventually fall to the shoulders. Infrequent shampooing, excessive shampooing, and/or use of harsh shampoos can aggravate dandruff Dermal Papillae small, coned-shaped elevations that contain a mass of blood and nerves located directly under the hollowed area of the hair bulb. The papillae supply nourishment for the continued growth of the hair fiber. Hair bulb is a rounded, club-shaped part at the very end of the root. It is hollowed out and fits over a papilla Hair Follicle Is a tube-like depression or pocket in the skin that contains the hair root. It determines the angle at which the hair fiber will emerge from the scalp Sebaceous Glands Oil glands that produce sebum Arrector Pilli Muscle Small involuntary muscle located along the side of the hair follicle. This muscle is responsible for "goose bumps"