ATLS post Practice Test 2023 graded A

ATLS post Practice Test 2023 graded A 1. A 22-year-old female who is 6 months pregnant presents following a motor vehicle crash.Paramedics report vaginal bleeding. What is the initial step in her treatment? a. assess fetal heart sounds b. check for fetal movement c. perform inspection of the cervic d. . ask the patient what her name is e. insert a wedge under the patient's right hip 2. A construction worker falls from a scaffold and is transferred to the emergency department. His heart rate is 124 and blood pressure is 85/60 mmHg. He complains of lower abdominal pain. After assessing the airway and chest, immobilizing the c-spine, and initiating fluid resuscitation, the next step is to perform: a. FAST exam b. detailed neurological exam c. rectal exam d. cervical spine x-ray e. urethral catheterization 3. Twenty seven patients are seriously injured in an aircraft accident at a local airport. The basic principle of triage should be to: a. Treat the most severely injured patients first. b. Establish a field triage area directed by a doctor. c. Rapidly transport all patients to the nearest appropriate hospital. d. Treat the greatest number of patients in the shortest period of time. e. Produce the greatest number of survivors based on available resources. 4. A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid abdomen. He is brought promptly to the emergency department by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and his systolic blood pressure is 58 mm Hg. Warmed crystalloid fluids are initiated without improvement in his vital signs. The next, most appropriate, step is to perform: a. A laparotomy. b. An abdominal CT scan. c. Diagnostic laparoscopy. d. Abdominal ultrasonography. e. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage. 5. Which one of the following is the recommended method for initially treating frostbite? a. vasodilators b. anticoagulants c. warm (40°C) water d. padding and elevation e. application of heat from a hair dryer 6. An 8 year old girl is an unrestrained passenger in a vehicle struck from behind. In the emergency department, her blood pressure is 80/60 mm Hg, heart rate is 80 beats per minute, and respiratory rate is 16 breaths per minute. Her GCS score is 14. She complains that her legs feel "funny and won't move right." However, her spine x-rays do not show a fracture or dislocation. A spinal cord injury in this child: a. Is most likely a central cord syndrome. b. Must be diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. c. Can be excluded by obtaining a CT of the entire spine. d. May exist in the absence of objective findings on x-ray studies. e. Is unlikely because of the incomplete calcification of the vertebral bodies. 7. Immediate chest tube insertion is indicated for which of the following conditions? a. Pneumothorax b. Pneumome diastinum c. Massive hemothorax d. Diaphragmatic rupture e. Subcutaneous emphysema 8. A 6 year old boy is struck by an automobile and brought to the emergency department. He is lethargic, but withdraws purposefully from painful stimuli. His blood pressure is 90mm Hg systolic, heart rate is 140 beats per minute, and his respiratory rate is 36 breaths per minute. The preferred route of venous access in this patient is: a. Percutaneous femoral vein cannulation. b. Cut down on the saphenous vein at the ankle. c. Intraosseous catheter placement in the proximal tibia. d. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities. e. Central venous access via the subclavian or internal jugular vein. 9. Which one of the following physical findings suggests a cause of hypotension other than spinal cord injury? a. Priapism. b. Bradycardia. c. Diaphragmatic breathing. d. Presence of deep tendon reflexes. e. Ability to flex forearms but inability to extend them 10. A 17-year-old female is brought to the emergency department following a 2-meter (6 foot) fall onto concrete. She is unresponsive and found to have a respiratory rate of 32, blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg, and heart rate of 68. The first step in treatment is: a. administering vasopressors b. establishing IV access for drug-assisted intubation c. seeking the cause of her decreased level of consciousness d. applying oxygen and maintaining airway e. excluding hemorrhage as a cause of shock 11. Which one of the following statements is true regarding diagnostic peritoneal lavage? a. DPL has no utility in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture b. DPL should be performed whenever an indication for laparotomy is present. c. DPL has a high specificity. d. DPL can be used for diagnosing retroperitoneal injuries e. DPL has a high sensitivity. 12. Which one of the following signs is associated with class II hemorrhagic shock (estimatedblood loss of 750 - 1500 mL)? a. heart rate above 140 beats per minute b. urine output less than 15 mL per hour c. respiratory rate above 35 breaths per minute d. decreased diastolic blood pressure e. normal systolic blood pressure 13. A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is brought promptly to the emergency department by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and he is confused. His pulse is thready and his femoral pulse is only weakly palpable.The definitive treatment in managing this patient is to: a. Administer O negative blood. b. Apply external warming devices. c. Control internal hemorrhage operatively. d. Apply a pneumatic anti shock garment (PASG). e. Infuse large volumes of intravenous crystalloid solution