Indiana Elementary Language Arts/Reading Licensure Exam Questions with Answers (All Answers Correct)

homonym - word that sounds like another but differs in meaning and spelling EX: right and write homograph - a word written the same way as another word but having a different meaning EX: lead and lead Jean Piaget - Constructivism, 4 Hierarchical Stages of Mental Development : 1. sensorimotor, 2. preoperational, 3. concrete operational, and 4. formal operational. Sensorimotor Stage - 0-2 years old. Develop object permanence. Preoperational Stage - 2-7 years old. Thinks in terms of 1 property at a time. Concrete Stage - 8-12 years old. Develops the ability to think logically. Abstract Stage - 12-Adult. Can begin to think in abstract terms. Behaviorism - Observable behavior, responses to stimuli. EX: Skinner, Watson, Pavlov Adaptation - Interaction with environment Schemas - File Folders Assimilation - Incorporating new ideas into existing ones Accommodation - New schemas created for new knowledge Scaffolding - Support that is gradually removed (Bruner)Phonemic Awareness - The understanding that speech is composed of a series of individual sounds Phonological Awareness - The ability to hear individual words within spoken language and sounds within spoken words, such as syllables.