EXAMINED PHARMACOLOGY FINAL TEST BANK

EXAMINED PHARMACOLOGY FINAL TEST BANK A 28-year-old patient has been prescribed penicillin for the first time. What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for this patient? A. Acute pain related to gastrointestinal (GI) effects of the drug B. Deficient knowledge regarding drug therapy C. Imbalance nutrition: less than body requirements related to multiple GI effects of the drug D. Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER -B. Because this is the first time the patient has taken penicillin, she is likely to have limited knowledge about the drug. She may not understand the importance of taking the medication as ordered to increase effectiveness of the drug or to report adverse effects. because the patient has not started the drug yet, there is no way to know what adverse effects, if any, she will experience. Only if she develops acute pain related to GI effects of the drug would this be appropriate. If GI symptoms develop it may lead to imbalanced nutrition, but that remains to be seen. No indication about constipation exists. he mother of a 5-year-old asks the nurse why it seems amoxicillin is always prescribed when her child needs an antibiotic. What is the priority rationale the nurse should give the mother? A) It is better absorbed. B) It is less costly. C) It has a less frequent dosing schedule. D) It tastes better in oral form. - CORRECT ANSWER -Ans: A Feedback: Most penicillins are rapidly absorbed from the GI tract, reaching peak levels in 1 hour. Although amoxicillin is less expensive, that fact has far less impact on choosing the proper antibiotic than the effectiveness of the drug. Most oral antibiotics for children are available in pleasant tasting syrups so taste would not be a factor. Ampicillin is often given up to 4 times a day so it actually has a frequent dosing schedule. 25. The nurse is teaching the patient about amoxicillin prior to discharge and includes what important teaching point? A) Blackening of the tongue may occur but will subside when the drug is discontinued. B) Even if it seems like the infection is not improving, the drug is still working. C) Yeast infections are unlikely to occur with this medication because it is narrow spectrum. D) Appearance of a rash is common and does not indicate an allergic reaction. - CORRECT ANSWER -Ans: A Feedback: One of the adverse effects of ampicillin is blackening of the tongue but the discoloration goes away after stopping the drug. If it is accompanied by swelling, the patient should be instructed to call the prescribing health care provider immediately. Many penicillin-resistant pathogens exist, so if the infection does not seem to be responding to the drug, the patient should notify the health care provider because a different antibiotic may be required. Yeast infections are very likely after taking ampicillin because it is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Appearance of a rash should be evaluated by a health care professional because allergic reactions to this class of antibiotic are very common. A local bioterrorism medical team is learning about germ warfare. The team is instructed that a fluoroquinolone may be used to prevent an outbreak of anthrax infection. What fluoroquinolone would the nurse be most likely to administer for this purpose? A) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) B) Gemifloxacin (Factive) C) Norfloxacin (Noroxin) D) Sparfloxacin (Zagam) - CORRECT ANSWER -Ans: A Feedback: Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is the most widely used fluoroquinolone and is indicated for the prevention of anthrax infection. Gemifloxacin and sparfloxacin are most useful in treating acute episodes of chronic bronchitis and community-acquired pneumonia. Norfloxacin is recommended only for certain types of urinary tract infections.