ADDRESSED PHARMACOLOGY TEST BANK TEST

ADDRESSED PHARMACOLOGY TEST BANK TEST The nurse has been caring for a patient who has been taking antibiotics for 3 weeks. Upon assessing the patient, the nurse notices the individual has developed oral thrush. What describes the etiology of the thrush? - CORRECT ANSWER-Superinfection The nurse is caring for a patient on a medical-surgical unit who has a fever of unknown origin. The prescriber has ordered a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Which intervention is the priority? - CORRECT ANSWER-Obtaining all cultures before the antibiotic is administered The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the mechanism by which antimicrobial agents achieve selective toxicity. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further teaching? - CORRECT ANSWER-"Some agents cause phagocytosis of bacterial cells." A child has received amoxicillin [Amoxil] for three previous ear infections, but a current otitis media episode is not responding to treatment. The nurse caring for this child suspects that resistance to the bacterial agent has occurred by which microbial mechanism? - CORRECT ANSWER-Drug inactivation A nursing student asks a nurse to clarify the differences between the mechanisms of spontaneous mutation and conjugation in acquired resistance of microbes. What will the nurse say? - CORRECT ANSWER-Spontaneous mutation leads to resistance to only one antimicrobial agent. A patient has a viral sinus infection, and the provider tells the patient that antibiotics will not be prescribed. The patient wants to take an antibiotic and asks the nurse what possible harm could occur by taking an antibiotic. Which response by the nurse is correct? - CORRECT ANSWER-"Even normal flora can develop resistance and transfer this to pathogens." A recent campaign, initiated by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), to delay the emergence of antibiotic resistance in hospitals, has what as one of its objectives? - CORRECT ANSWER-Increased adherence to prescribed antibiotics A patient has a localized skin infection, which is most likely caused by a gram-positive cocci. Until the culture and sensitivity results are available, the nurse will expect the provider to order a ____-spectrum ____ agent. - CORRECT ANSWER-narrow; topical A parent asks a nurse if the provider will prescribe an antibiotic for a child who attends school with several children who have strep throat. The child is complaining of a sore throat and has a fever. What will be the nurse's response - CORRECT ANSWER-"Your child should come to the clinic to have a throat culture done today." n older adult patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) develops bronchitis. The patient has a temperature of 39.5°C. The nurse will expect the provider to: - CORRECT ANSWER-order empiric antibiotics while waiting for sputum culture results. Which patients should be given antibiotics prophylactically? (Select all that apply.) - CORRECT ANSWERPatients with certain congenital heart defects at risk for bacterial endocarditis Patients with compound fractures undergoing surgical repair Which are benefits of using a combination of two or more antibiotics? (Select all that apply.) - CORRECT ANSWER-Reduced toxicity Reduced resistance Reduced risk in severe infection The nurse is teaching a pharmacology refresher course to a group of nurses. A student asks what host factors affect the choice of agents in antimicrobial therapy. The nurse will tell the students that such host factors include what? (Select all that apply.) - CORRECT ANSWER-Age Immune system status Infection site