Nbrc Tmc/Crt/Rrt Exam 2023 Latest 300+ Questions And Correct Detailed Answers

Ascites - ANSWER- accumulation of fluid in the abdomen caused by LIVER FAILURE Venous distention - ANSWER- -occurs with CHF -seen with obstructive patients (seen in exhalation phase) Capillary refill - ANSWER- -indication of peripheral circulation -Normal 3 seconds Jaundice skin color - ANSWER- -increase in bilirubin. -mostly in face and trunk Bradypnea (oligopnea) - ANSWER- -decreased respiratory rate (12bpm) variable depth and irregular rhythm Hyperpnea - ANSWER- -increased rate, depth, with regular rhythm Cheyne-Stokes - ANSWER- -gradually increasing then decreasing rate and depth in a cycle lasting from 30 - 180 secs, with apnea up to 60 secs -increased ICP, meningitis, overdose Biots - ANSWER- -increased rate and depth with irregular periods of apnea -CNS problem, head/brain injury Kussmaul's - ANSWER- -increased rate, depth, irregular rhythm, breathing sounds labored -Raspy voice Apneustic - ANSWER- prolonged gasping inspiration followed by extremely short, insufficient expiration -respiratory center problems, trauma, tumor cachectic - ANSWER- muscle atrophy/loss of muscle tone retractions - ANSWER- -chest moves inward during inspiratory efforts instead of outward -blocked airway in adults = INTUBATE -RDS in infantsCharacter of cough - ANSWER- -dry, non-productive cough may indicate tumor in the lungs or asthma -productive cough may indicate infection evidence of difficult airway - ANSWER- -short receding mandible (chin) -enlarged tongue (macroglossia) -bull neck -limited neck range-of-motion pulsus paradoxus - ANSWER- -pulse/blood pressure varies with respiration. may indicate severe air trapping (status asthmaticus or cardiac tamponade) tactile fremitus - ANSWER- -vibrations felt by hand on chest wall -vocal fremitus: voice vibrations on the chest wall -pleural rub fremitus: grating sensation due to roughened pleural spaces -Rhonchial fremitus(palpable rhonchi): secretions in airways Crepitus - ANSWER- -bubbles of air under skin that can be palpated and indicates subcutaneous emphysema Resonant percussion - ANSWER- -hollow sound -normal lungs Flat percussion - ANSWER- -heard over sternum, muscles, or areas of atelectasis Dull percussion - ANSWER- -heard over fluid-filled organs such as heart or liver (thudding) -pleural effusion or pneumonia Tympanic percussion - ANSWER- -heard over air-filled stomach. -drum-like sound and when heard over lung = increased volume Hyperresonant - ANSWER- -found where pneumothorax or emphysema is present. -booming sound vesicular breath sounds - ANSWER- normal sounds in lungs bronchial breath sounds - ANSWER- -normal sounds over airways. -breath sounds over lungs indicate LUNG CONSOLIDATION Egophony