Test Bank Essentials Of Understanding Abnormal Behavior 3rd Edition By David Complete All Chapters 2024

Test Bank Essentials Of Understanding Abnormal Behavior 3rd Edition By David Complete All Chapters 2024. What is the role of replication in psychological research? a. Replication assists psychologists in making accurate diagnoses. b. Replication assists psychologists in determining which clients to treat. c. Replication increases the chances that consumers will understand psychological research. d. Replication provides scientifically verified approaches to treating mental illness. ANS: D REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Understand 2. Your neighbor tells you, “I’m concerned about vaccinating my children. I understand that scientists have proved that childhood vaccines cause autism.” What response to your neighbor is most accurate? a. “Actually, no one has ever studied this thoroughly, so no one really knows.” b. “Not really; well-designed studies have been done, and the research does not support a link between vaccines anc. “Not exactly; it seems that autism is caused by an equation of environmental conditions, with childhood vaccines being variables involved.” d. “You are right; double-blind research has shown that autism is caused by vaccines.” ANS: B REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Apply 3. What conclusion can be reached from research findings that the mass media reports? a. The findings from initial research are typically replicated. b. Newspapers often get the facts wrong. c. Initial findings reported by newspapers often are not replicated. d. Newspapers are the best sources of scientific information. ANS: C REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Analyze 4. “I never accept the results of one study as conclusive. Findings must be replicated. I look carefully at the methods used to produce conclusions. Because of my skeptical attitude, you can assume that I am a ____.” a. philosopher c. scientist b. clinician d. newspaper reporter ANS: C REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Analyze 5. Emily came to see her advisor about doing a research study for her Ph.D. dissertation. “What are you going to investigate?” he asked. “I believe that drinking orange juice before an IQ test will raise a person’s score,” she said. Emily’s answer constitutes a(n) ____. a. idiographic orientation c. operational definition b. hypothesis d. theory ANS: B REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Apply 6. Which of the following is a hallmark of the scientific method? a. systematic collection of data, controlled observation, and the testing of hypotheses b. maintaining the privacy of researchers’ methods so that ideas are not stolen c. research conducted without restrictions imposed by theories or hypotheses d. rejection of the concept “self-correction” in favor of unique phenomena ANS: A REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Understand 7. Dr. Gonzalez devised a new scale to measure depressive symptoms among Hispanic females. To be sure that his test is actually measuring depressive symptoms, he will have his test group respond to his new instrument and the Beck Depression Inventory, as well as completing a social desirability scale, which should be unrelated to depression. Dr. Gonzalez is ____. a. checking the validity of his measure of depressive symptoms b. checking the reliability of his measure of depressive symptoms c. assessing the honesty of his participants d. pursuing idiographic research ANS: A REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Apply 8. A researcher finds that when people report their sexual activity on a mailed questionnaire, they indicate higher levels of bizarre fantasies than when they are questioned face to face. This indicates that these methods of measuring sexual activity ____. a. have high base rates c. are negatively correlated b. are high in validity d. have low reliability ANS: D REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Apply 9. By definition, reliable measures ____; valid measures ____. a. are manipulated by the experimenter; are not manipulated b. measure what they are supposed to; are consistent c. are consistent; measure what they are supposed to d. are not manipulated by the experimenter; are manipulated ANS: C REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Analyze 10. A researcher believes that depressive symptoms will be reduced when family members give attention to competent behavior and express disinterest when depressive behavior is exhibited. In this example, attention is the ____ and depressive symptoms are the ____. a. confounding variable; manipulated variable b. dependent variable; independent variable c. independent variable; dependent variable d. experimental variable; control variable ANS: C EMAIL ME: EMAIL ME: REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Analyze 11. The best way to test cause-and-effect relationships is with a(n) ____. a. case study c. correlational study b. placebo d. experiment ANS: D REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Understand 12. In an experiment, the ____ is as similar as possible to the experimental group except that it is not exposed to the independent variable. a. control group c. dependent group b. case group d. randomized group ANS: A REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Understand 13. In the Thom et al. (2000) study of the treatment of dental-phobic patients, if participants in the two experimental groups showed reduced anxiety from pretest to posttest, could the researchers conclude that the treatments were effective in reducing anxiety? a. Yes. Reduction in anxiety for the experimental groups would prove the effectiveness of the treatment. b. No. There are many possible reasons why patients would show reduced anxiety, so the only way to know if the cause wawould be to use a control group that did not get a treatment. c. Yes, but only if one of the groups had a greater reduction in anxiety than the other. d. No. To conclude that the treatments were effective, they would need to see if the effects last for many years aftANS: B REF: The Scientific Method in Clinical Research OBJ: UABB.SUES.17.3.1 Explain the kinds of studies used in the field of abnormal psychology. KEY: Bloom’s: Analyze 14. To study the effectiveness of a new anti-anxiety drug, researchers randomly assign equally anxious people to two groups, one getting Drug X and the other getting no drug. The researchers mistakenly conclude that Drug X works because people in the drug group show fewer signs of anxiety than the others. What is the mistake? a. They never introduced an independent variable. b. They did not create a placebo control group. c. They never did a pretest of anxiety symptoms. d. They did not operationally define what the experimental group was.