HARTMAN NURSING ASSISTANT CARE - NUTRITION AND HYDRATION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

HARTMAN NURSING ASSISTANT CARE - NUTRITION AND HYDRATION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WHY is it important for CNA to report weight loss? - ANS Weight loss can mean that the resident has a serious medical condition. It can lead to skin breakdown which leads to pressure ulcers. Ways to prevent unintended weight loss - ANS Make food look good Encourage residents to eat Honor resident's food requests Help residents who have trouble eating, to eat Season foods to resident preferences Allow enough time for Without this a person can only live a few days - ANS Water What are bread, cereals, and and potatoes? - ANS Complex carbohydrates What is the most essential nutrient of for life? - ANS Water Iron and Calcium are examples of these - ANS Minerals Examples of these are butter, oil, salad dressing - ANS Fats Meat, eggs, poultry (chicken), and cheese are examples of this - ANS Proteins Carbohydrates with best nutritional value? Simple or Complex? - ANS Complex What is the recommended proportion of MYPLATE for fruits and vegetables? - ANS half (50%) What is the recommended proportion of protein according to MYPLATE? - ANS one quarter (25%) Which color of veggies has the best nutritional content? - ANS Dark Green What kind of grains are best to consume? - ANS Whole grains What do vegetarians NOT eat? - ANS Meat (most do eat meat products such as eggs and/or milk) What do Vegans NOT eat? - ANS Animator Animal products If a resident has trouble swallowing, soft foods and liquids that have been ______________ed may be easier to swallow - ANS thicken What is TPN or Total Parenteral Nutrition? - ANS A solution of nutrients administered directly into the bloodstream. Do residents have the right to refuse treatment, including insertion of tubes? - ANS Yes Although NA's DO NOT insert feeding tubes, do the feeding through tubes, or irrigate/clean the tubes, they MAY do the following: - ANS 1. assemble and hand equipment and supplies to the nurse, 2. position the resident in a feeding position, 3. discard/clean used equipment. What is NPO - ANS Nothing by mouth order True or false: if a feeding tube comes out of a patient, the NA can reinsert it. - ANS False At what angle should head of patient with feeding tube be kept at ALL times (except during feeding) - ANS 30 degrees Angle to keep heads of patients with feeding tubes, DURING FEEDING - ANS 45 degrees True or False: NA's MUST report when a tube is falling out of a patient. - ANS True True of False: NA's MUST report any redness or drainage around feeding tube opening - ANS True Are NA's responsible for checking DIET CARDS (resident's name and info about food allergies and special diets)? - ANS Yes What is FLUID BALANCE? - ANS The amount of liquid leaving body should be equal to amount coming into body. What conditions produce fluid balance issues for patients? - ANS Heart and Kidney diseases If patient has high blood pressure what would you expect would be restricted in their diet? - ANS Sodium/salt