Economic Aspects of
European Integration
BORMANS YANNICK
D0M09A
,Economic Aspects of European Integra3on KUL
1
,Economic Aspects of European Integra3on KUL
Inhoudsopgave
D0M09A ............................................................................................................................................................ 0
History ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
Facts, Law, Ins3tu3ons, and the budget .......................................................................................................... 9
Economic integra/on in the EU .......................................................................................................................... 9
Big 5 ins/tu/ons ............................................................................................................................................... 11
Decision making............................................................................................................................................ 14
Task alloca/on of EU decision-making ............................................................................................................. 14
Essen3al microeconomic tools & tariff analysis ............................................................................................. 17
Supply & demand diagrams ............................................................................................................................. 17
MFN tariff analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 20
Analysis of Global Value Chains ........................................................................................................................ 22
Sources of compe//ve differences ................................................................................................................... 23
Essen3al economics of preferen3al liberalisa3on .......................................................................................... 24
Regional Trade Agreement Diagram ................................................................................................................ 24
Analysis of customs union................................................................................................................................. 26
Market size and scale effects ......................................................................................................................... 29
Market size maTers .......................................................................................................................................... 29
BE-COMP diagram in a closed economy ........................................................................................................... 29
EU compe33on and State Aid Policy ............................................................................................................. 31
EU compe//on policy ....................................................................................................................................... 31
Economics of an/-compe//ve behaviour......................................................................................................... 32
Economic integra3on, labour markets, and migra3on ................................................................................... 36
European labour markets ................................................................................................................................. 36
Migra/on .......................................................................................................................................................... 38
Simple economics of labour market integra/on ............................................................................................... 38
Essen3al macroeconomic tools ..................................................................................................................... 40
The closed economy.......................................................................................................................................... 40
Exchange rates ................................................................................................................................................. 41
EU trade policy.............................................................................................................................................. 45
Global trade rela/ons and paTerns.................................................................................................................. 45
EU and interna/onal trade ............................................................................................................................... 46
Op3mum Currency Areas .............................................................................................................................. 48
Currency areas .................................................................................................................................................. 48
2
, Economic Aspects of European Integra3on KUL
The Common Agricultural Policy ................................................................................................................... 53
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) .................................................................................................................... 53
Loca3on effects, economic geography, and regional policy ............................................................................ 56
What to expect ................................................................................................................................................. 56
Theories ............................................................................................................................................................ 56
The European Monetary Union ..................................................................................................................... 59
Maastricht Treaty ............................................................................................................................................. 59
The euro system ................................................................................................................................................ 60
Fiscal Policy and the Stability Pact ................................................................................................................. 62
Fiscal policy in the monetary union .................................................................................................................. 62
Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) ....................................................................................................................... 64
The Financial Markets and the Euro .............................................................................................................. 67
Financial Markets ............................................................................................................................................. 67
The Banking Union ........................................................................................................................................... 70
3
European Integration
BORMANS YANNICK
D0M09A
,Economic Aspects of European Integra3on KUL
1
,Economic Aspects of European Integra3on KUL
Inhoudsopgave
D0M09A ............................................................................................................................................................ 0
History ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
Facts, Law, Ins3tu3ons, and the budget .......................................................................................................... 9
Economic integra/on in the EU .......................................................................................................................... 9
Big 5 ins/tu/ons ............................................................................................................................................... 11
Decision making............................................................................................................................................ 14
Task alloca/on of EU decision-making ............................................................................................................. 14
Essen3al microeconomic tools & tariff analysis ............................................................................................. 17
Supply & demand diagrams ............................................................................................................................. 17
MFN tariff analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 20
Analysis of Global Value Chains ........................................................................................................................ 22
Sources of compe//ve differences ................................................................................................................... 23
Essen3al economics of preferen3al liberalisa3on .......................................................................................... 24
Regional Trade Agreement Diagram ................................................................................................................ 24
Analysis of customs union................................................................................................................................. 26
Market size and scale effects ......................................................................................................................... 29
Market size maTers .......................................................................................................................................... 29
BE-COMP diagram in a closed economy ........................................................................................................... 29
EU compe33on and State Aid Policy ............................................................................................................. 31
EU compe//on policy ....................................................................................................................................... 31
Economics of an/-compe//ve behaviour......................................................................................................... 32
Economic integra3on, labour markets, and migra3on ................................................................................... 36
European labour markets ................................................................................................................................. 36
Migra/on .......................................................................................................................................................... 38
Simple economics of labour market integra/on ............................................................................................... 38
Essen3al macroeconomic tools ..................................................................................................................... 40
The closed economy.......................................................................................................................................... 40
Exchange rates ................................................................................................................................................. 41
EU trade policy.............................................................................................................................................. 45
Global trade rela/ons and paTerns.................................................................................................................. 45
EU and interna/onal trade ............................................................................................................................... 46
Op3mum Currency Areas .............................................................................................................................. 48
Currency areas .................................................................................................................................................. 48
2
, Economic Aspects of European Integra3on KUL
The Common Agricultural Policy ................................................................................................................... 53
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) .................................................................................................................... 53
Loca3on effects, economic geography, and regional policy ............................................................................ 56
What to expect ................................................................................................................................................. 56
Theories ............................................................................................................................................................ 56
The European Monetary Union ..................................................................................................................... 59
Maastricht Treaty ............................................................................................................................................. 59
The euro system ................................................................................................................................................ 60
Fiscal Policy and the Stability Pact ................................................................................................................. 62
Fiscal policy in the monetary union .................................................................................................................. 62
Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) ....................................................................................................................... 64
The Financial Markets and the Euro .............................................................................................................. 67
Financial Markets ............................................................................................................................................. 67
The Banking Union ........................................................................................................................................... 70
3
