Respiratory Therapy Pathologies #Tmc#Cse#Nbrc Questions With Correct Answers

Emphysema - ANSWER- Weakening & permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles. Accompied by desaturation of their walls & w/o obvious fibrosis. Type B COPD BLUE BLOCKER Is what pathology? - ANSWER- Chronic bronchitis Chronic bronchitis - ANSWER- Characterized by daily productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months each year for 2 years in a row. Bronchiectasis - ANSWER- Chronic dilation and Distortion of one or more bronchi as a result of excessive inflammation and desaturation of bronchial walls blood vessels elastic tissue and smooth muscles can create an obstructive or restrictive pattern. Apnea - ANSWER- Sensation of breathing for a period of 10 seconds or longer sleep apnea is diagnosed in patients who have more than 5 episodes of apnea per hour during sleep over a six-hour period. Central sleep apnea - ANSWER- Caused by failure of the respiratory center of the brain known as the medulla oblongata and pons which sends signals to the respiratory muscles. Obstructive sleep apnea - ANSWER- Caused by anatomic obstruction of the upper Airway in the presence of continued ventilatory effort. Mixed sleep apnea - ANSWER- Combination of both Central and obstructive usually begins as Central apnea followed by onset of ventilatory effort without air flow. Chest trauma - ANSWER- Any type of trauma to the chest wall unintentional accidental or intentional Flail Chest - ANSWER- The result of double fractures of at least three or more adjacent ribs causing the thoracic cage to become unstable flail. Pneumothorax - ANSWER- Gas or free air accumulated in the pleural space Hemothorax - ANSWER- Blood accumulated in the pleural space