Introduction to Imaging and Radiologic Sciences Chapter 1 and 2 Questions with Answers

Radiation - Energy that is transmitted by waves through space or through a medium (matter). Energy - The capacity to operate or work. Different forms include:mechanical, electrical, heat, nuclear, and electromagnetic. X-rays - Manmade form of electromagnetic energy. Created when electrons moving at high speed are suddenly stopped. Electromagnetic Energy - Energy reflected or emitted from objects in the form of electrical and magnetic waves that can travel through air. Ex- gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, infrared radiation, microwaves and radio waves. Rontgen rays - X-rays (another term used for X-rays) named after Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen. Allow physicians to visualize many anatomic structures that were once visible only at surgery. Gamma Radiation - A form of electromagnetic energy that has the ability to ionize atoms. Electromagnetic radiation of an extremely high frequency and therefore consists of high-energy photons. Spectrum - A band of colors produced by separation of the components of light by their different degrees of refraction according to wavelength. Hippocrates - Father of western medicine, developed a high standard of ethical conduct, and incorporated the Hippocratic Oath. Human Genome Project - a 13 year international scientific researched project coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health. IT has the goal of determining the sequence of chemical pairs which make up human DNA. Cathode Ray - A beam of electrons targeted to the anode emitted from the cathode of a high vacuum tube. Crookes Tube - Invented by William Crookes (). A large, partially evacuated glass tube that encompassed a cathode and an anode attached to an electrical supply. This tube was the early version of the modern fluorescent light. Nov. 8, 1895 - Wilhelm Rontgen discovered x-rays and radiologic imaging sciences had their start. Technologist - Person qualified to use x-rays (radiography) or radioactive substances (nuclear medicine) to produce images of the internal parts of the body for interpretation by a radiologist. • General term that applies to an individual skilled in a practical art. Technician - a person who performs procedures that require attention to technical detail. They work under the direct supervision of another health care provider. Radiography - making of records (radiographs), of internal structures of the body by passage of x-rays or gamma rays through the body to act on, historically, especially sensitized film or, most commonly, on a digital imaging plate or detector. Radioactive - is the emitting or relating to the emission of ionizing radiation or particles. Radiologist - Physician who specializes in the use of x-rays and other forms of both ionizing and nonionizing radiation in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.