- Problems generalising from animals to humans
Animals more driven by innate factors = too different to humans for
comparison
Deterministic: bhvs largely governed by environmental forces so can’t
control / be responsible for own actions
Ethical issues abt social control: allow others to control bhv through
conditioning
- Easily testable: use experimental method = scientific as allows strict control
over variables
E.g. IV manipulated to see effects on DV in Skinner’s work on rats + Pavlov’s
work on dogs
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY (Bandura, 1977)
LEARNING BY OBSERVATION + IMITATION of others within a social
context
1. Modelled behavior from role model
2. Observer identifies with role model : perceived similarity + status
3. Behavior is observed
● Attention : attending to behavior of perceived similar role model
● Retention: retain behavior in memory
- imagery: mental images
- language: verbal descriptors
● Reproduction: recall retained bhv + imitate modelled bhv
- self-efficacy: relies also on own self-confidence + belief in own capabilities to
successfully imitate bhv
● Motivation: a reason to carry out behavior if it’s rewarded =
Vicarious reinforcement (learning from others’successes / mistakes)
13
Animals more driven by innate factors = too different to humans for
comparison
Deterministic: bhvs largely governed by environmental forces so can’t
control / be responsible for own actions
Ethical issues abt social control: allow others to control bhv through
conditioning
- Easily testable: use experimental method = scientific as allows strict control
over variables
E.g. IV manipulated to see effects on DV in Skinner’s work on rats + Pavlov’s
work on dogs
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY (Bandura, 1977)
LEARNING BY OBSERVATION + IMITATION of others within a social
context
1. Modelled behavior from role model
2. Observer identifies with role model : perceived similarity + status
3. Behavior is observed
● Attention : attending to behavior of perceived similar role model
● Retention: retain behavior in memory
- imagery: mental images
- language: verbal descriptors
● Reproduction: recall retained bhv + imitate modelled bhv
- self-efficacy: relies also on own self-confidence + belief in own capabilities to
successfully imitate bhv
● Motivation: a reason to carry out behavior if it’s rewarded =
Vicarious reinforcement (learning from others’successes / mistakes)
13
