EMT-B AAOS Final Test
You suspect that a 6-year-old girl has broken her leg after falling from a swing at a playground. Shortly after you arrive, the child's mother appears and refuses to allow you
to continue treatment. You should:
A. use your authority under the implied consent law.
B. ask the mother to sign a refusal form and then leave.
C. tell the mother that her refusal is a form of child abuse.
D. try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed. - answer D. try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed.
A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time. You should:
A. place him in a position of comfort, deliver oxygen via nasal cannula, and closely monitor his breathing.
B. force fluid from his alveoli by hyperventilating him with a bag-mask device at a rate of
at least 20 breaths/min.
C. place him in a supine position and assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device and high-flow oxygen.
D. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration. - answer D. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure,
and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration.
A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. You should:
A. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
B. deliver a series of five back blows and then reassess his condition.
C. place the child in a supine position and perform abdominal thrusts.
D. carefully look into his mouth and remove the object if you see it. - answer A. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing scant vaginal bleeding.
During transport, you note that she suddenly becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. In addition to administering 100% oxygen, you should: A. place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
B. position her supine and elevate her legs 12″.
C. carefully place sterile gauze into her vagina.
D. assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device. - answer A. place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should:
A. insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block.
B. select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to insert it.
C. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
D. continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx. - answer C. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
A 37-year-old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. His skin is pink, warm, and moist. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes:
A. performing a series of abdominal thrusts.
B. finger sweeps to remove the obstruction.
C. encouraging him to cough and transporting.
D. a series of back blows and chest thrusts. - answer C. encouraging him to cough and transporting.
Febrile seizures:
A. are usually benign but should be evaluated.
B. are also referred to as petit mal seizures.
C. often result in permanent brain damage.
D. occur when a child's fever progressively rises. - answer A. are usually benign but should be evaluated.
A 17-year-old football player collided with another player and has pain to his left clavicular area. He is holding his arm against his chest and refuses to move it. Your assessment reveals obvious deformity to the midshaft clavicle. After assessing distal pulse, sensory, and motor functions, you should:
A. straighten his arm and apply a board splint.
B. perform a rapid secondary assessment.
C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
D. place a pillow under his arm and apply a sling. - answer C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe. A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. You should:
A. perform abdominal thrusts.
B. give oxygen and transport at once.
C. perform a blind finger sweep.
D. visualize the child's airway. - answer A. perform abdominal thrusts.
A major benefit when using a multilumen airway device is that:
A. maintenance of a mask-to-face seal is not required.
B. the airway is better protected than with an ET tube.
C. it can be used on patients of any age and size.
D. it can be visualized as it enters the esophagus. - answer C. it can be used on patients of any age and size.
A patient with a head injury presents with abnormal flexion of his extremities. What numeric value should you assign to him for motor response?
A. 5
B. 3
C. 2
D. 4 - answer C. 2
During the primary assessment of a semiconscious 70-year-old female, you should:
A. immediately determine the patient's blood glucose level.
B. insert a nasopharyngeal airway and assist ventilations.
C. ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed.
D. ask family members if the patient has a history of stroke. - answer C. ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed.
A 23-year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow breathing, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway?
A. Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and provide suction and assisted ventilations.
B. Provide continuous ventilations with a bag-mask device to minimize hypoxia.
C. Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation.
D. Suction his oropharynx with a rigid catheter until all secretions are removed. - answer
C. Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation.
A 45-year-old male was working on his roof when he fell approximately 12′,landing on his feet. He is conscious and alert and complains of an ache in his lower back. He is breathing adequately and has stable vital signs. You should:
You suspect that a 6-year-old girl has broken her leg after falling from a swing at a playground. Shortly after you arrive, the child's mother appears and refuses to allow you
to continue treatment. You should:
A. use your authority under the implied consent law.
B. ask the mother to sign a refusal form and then leave.
C. tell the mother that her refusal is a form of child abuse.
D. try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed. - answer D. try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed.
A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time. You should:
A. place him in a position of comfort, deliver oxygen via nasal cannula, and closely monitor his breathing.
B. force fluid from his alveoli by hyperventilating him with a bag-mask device at a rate of
at least 20 breaths/min.
C. place him in a supine position and assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device and high-flow oxygen.
D. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration. - answer D. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure,
and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration.
A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. You should:
A. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
B. deliver a series of five back blows and then reassess his condition.
C. place the child in a supine position and perform abdominal thrusts.
D. carefully look into his mouth and remove the object if you see it. - answer A. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing scant vaginal bleeding.
During transport, you note that she suddenly becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. In addition to administering 100% oxygen, you should: A. place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
B. position her supine and elevate her legs 12″.
C. carefully place sterile gauze into her vagina.
D. assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device. - answer A. place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should:
A. insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block.
B. select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to insert it.
C. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
D. continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx. - answer C. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
A 37-year-old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. His skin is pink, warm, and moist. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes:
A. performing a series of abdominal thrusts.
B. finger sweeps to remove the obstruction.
C. encouraging him to cough and transporting.
D. a series of back blows and chest thrusts. - answer C. encouraging him to cough and transporting.
Febrile seizures:
A. are usually benign but should be evaluated.
B. are also referred to as petit mal seizures.
C. often result in permanent brain damage.
D. occur when a child's fever progressively rises. - answer A. are usually benign but should be evaluated.
A 17-year-old football player collided with another player and has pain to his left clavicular area. He is holding his arm against his chest and refuses to move it. Your assessment reveals obvious deformity to the midshaft clavicle. After assessing distal pulse, sensory, and motor functions, you should:
A. straighten his arm and apply a board splint.
B. perform a rapid secondary assessment.
C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
D. place a pillow under his arm and apply a sling. - answer C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe. A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. You should:
A. perform abdominal thrusts.
B. give oxygen and transport at once.
C. perform a blind finger sweep.
D. visualize the child's airway. - answer A. perform abdominal thrusts.
A major benefit when using a multilumen airway device is that:
A. maintenance of a mask-to-face seal is not required.
B. the airway is better protected than with an ET tube.
C. it can be used on patients of any age and size.
D. it can be visualized as it enters the esophagus. - answer C. it can be used on patients of any age and size.
A patient with a head injury presents with abnormal flexion of his extremities. What numeric value should you assign to him for motor response?
A. 5
B. 3
C. 2
D. 4 - answer C. 2
During the primary assessment of a semiconscious 70-year-old female, you should:
A. immediately determine the patient's blood glucose level.
B. insert a nasopharyngeal airway and assist ventilations.
C. ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed.
D. ask family members if the patient has a history of stroke. - answer C. ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed.
A 23-year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow breathing, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway?
A. Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and provide suction and assisted ventilations.
B. Provide continuous ventilations with a bag-mask device to minimize hypoxia.
C. Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation.
D. Suction his oropharynx with a rigid catheter until all secretions are removed. - answer
C. Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation.
A 45-year-old male was working on his roof when he fell approximately 12′,landing on his feet. He is conscious and alert and complains of an ache in his lower back. He is breathing adequately and has stable vital signs. You should:
