Nurs 2356 Exam 1 Questions with 100% Correct Answers

SIADH Correct Answer Caused by excessive secretion of ADH leading to excessive water reabsorption. Caused by CNS infections (meningitis), brain tumors, brain trauma, children with pulmonary disorders (pneumonia, asthma, cystic fibrosis), and children receiving positive pressure ventilation. HIGH and DRY SIADH s/s Correct Answer Hypertension JVD Crackles in the lungs Weight gain without edema Fluid and electrolyte imbalance Concentrated urine with high Specific gravity and decreased urine output SIADH Management Correct Answer Treat underlying cause Fluid restriction, strict I&O's Medications- diuretics, democlocycline, and hypertonic saline IV fluids Lab specimen collection and review Education- foods high in water content, medical alert bracelet, daily weight Diabetes Insipidus Correct Answer The inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine LOW and WET Central (neurogenic) DI Correct Answer Inadequate production of vasopressin (ADH) Caused by brain tumors, brain trauma, CNS infection, and neurosurgery Nephrogenic DI Correct Answer Ineffective action of ADH in the kidneys Caused by genetics (most common), drug toxicity, adverse drug reaction, or renal illness DI s/s Correct Answer Polyuria Polydipsia Hypernatremia Dilute urine Dehydration Hypotension Tachycardia DI Management Correct Answer Medications: Central DI- treat with DDAVP (desmopressin acetate)