TNCC 8th edition exam with solution manual 2023/24 update

The major cause of preventable death after injury - correct answerUncontrolled hemorrhage The best measure of the adequacy of cellular perfusion and helps to predict the outcome of resuscitation - correct answerBase deficit Examples of primary blast injuries - correct answerBlast lung, ruptured tympanic membrane, TBI, abdominal hemorrhage Examples of secondary blast injuries - correct answerWounds from debris and bomb fragments Examples of tertiary blast injuries - correct answerBlunt or penetrating trauma from the body being thrown by the blast Examples of quaternary blast injuries - correct answerInjuries or illness related to explosion: burns, toxic injury from chemicals Examples of quinary blast injuries - correct answerInjuries associated with exposure to hazardous materials from the components of the blast Questions to ask for airway assessment (need 4) - correct answerIs the tongue obstructing? Are there any foreign objects? Is there any edema? Are there loose or missing teeth? Is there snoring, gurgling, or stridor? Is there bony deformity? Is there blood, vomit, or secretions? Questions to ask during breathing assessment. (Need 4) - correct answerIs there symmetrical chest rise? Is there spontaneous breathing? Is there tracheal deviation or JVD? What is their skin color? Are there open wounds or deformities in the chest? What's the depth, pattern, and rate of respirations? Is there increased work of breathing? Are breath sounds present and equal? 3 ways to assess ETT placement - correct answer1. Apply end tidal, assess CO2 after 5-6 breaths 2. Assess for symmetrical chest wall rise and fall 3. Auscultation over the epigastrium for gurgling and bilateral breath sounds. What do you document after placing an ETT? - correct answerETT placement at teeth or gums Situations that require a definitive airway - correct answerGCS 8 or less Apnea Inhalation injury Increased risk of aspiration Anticipate decreased neuro status Severe maxo fractures Laryngeal/tracheal injury Where do you listen for breath sounds? - correct answer2nd intercostal space at midclavicular