NU 216-Cardiac Actual Exam Questions And Answers

NU 216-Cardiac Actual Exam Questions And Answers Lub sound indicates - ANSWER- closure of AV valves beginning of systole S1 Dub sound indicates - ANSWER- closure of semilunar valves end of systole/beginning of diastole S2 murmurs are caused by - ANSWER- incompetent valves or a hole in the septum pulse occurs during - ANSWER- ventricular systole the surge of blood expands in the artery pulse deficit - ANSWER- difference between the apical and radial pulse rates right side of the heart is in charge of - ANSWER- pumping blood to the lungs left side of the heart is in charge of - ANSWER- pumping blood to the body tricuspid and mitral valves - ANSWER- work together as gates to the holes between the atrium and ventricle bottom of the heart - ANSWER- apex top of the heart - ANSWER- base First Heart Sound (S1) heard best - ANSWER- heard loudest at apex M1 & T1 at S1 - ANSWER- mitral slightly precedes tricuspid, but usually heard as a fusion of one sound Second Heart Sound (S2) heard best - ANSWER- heard loudest at base A2 & P2 at S2 - ANSWER- aortic precedes pulmonic component S3 Extra Heart Sound (4) - ANSWER- follows S2/Dub sounds like kentucky heard best at apex ventricular gallop Normal/Abnormal S3 - ANSWER- normal -children and adults under 30 abnormal -adults over 30 -signifies fluid volume overload in ventricle due to HF or mitral/tricuspid regurgitation when cause of S3 is corrected - ANSWER- gallop disappears S4 Extra Heart Sound (4) - ANSWER- Before S1 Tennessee Atrial Gallop Atria contract and push blood into noncompliant ventricle heard best at tricuspid or mitral S4 Abnormality - ANSWER- always abnormal always has pathology -MI, HTN, Atrial Stenosis Cardiac Murmurs - ANSWER- blowing, swooshing sound that occurs with turbulent blood flow in the heart or great vessels conditions that result in cardiac murmurs - ANSWER- 1.Increased velocity of blood flow 2.Decreased viscosity of blood flow 3.Structural defects of valves or unusual openings in the chambers murmurs are best heard with - ANSWER- bell of stethoscope murmurs can be heard - ANSWER- all over the precordium if you cant hear at mitral landmark - ANSWER- have pt lay on their side and listen heart normally pumps - ANSWER- 4-6 L of blood per minute cardiac preload - ANSWER- volume of blood in ventricles at the end of dia