NURS 620 Adult 1 Exam2 - Questions and Answers

NURS 620 Adult 1 Exam2 - Questions and Answers Heart Failure Classification System I - Asymptomatic; II - Symptoms only with marked exertion; III - Symptoms with moderate exertion; IV - Symptoms at rest What would a diagnosis of HTN w/o further confirmation be based on? Initial screening BP of ≥180/110 mmHg or who presents with hypertensive emergency What is the first lifestyle modification to address for someone diagnosed with HTN Weight reduction African Americans dx with HTN without chronic kidney disease should use CCBs and thiazides What 2 classes of HTN medication should not be used together? ACEIs and ARBs What should be used instead of ACEIs and ARBs in patients over age 75 with impaired kidney function CCBs and thiazides If goal not reached within a month of treatment for HTN what is the next step? increase the initial dose of drug or add a 2nd agent & reinforce lifestyle changes What level of BUN will increase the CURB 65 score by 1? greater than 19 What factors are considered to calculate CURB 65 score? age ≥65, BUN 19, Systolic 90/Diastolic ≤ 60, RR 30, confusion Sleep apnea education weight loss and exercise; elevate head of bed; avoid alcohol What is the cause of CAD and PAD/PVD? atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) Contributing factors of CAD DM, Obesity, Stress What medication are used to manage CAD? Beta blocker, aspirin, statin, nitrates Risk factors for CAD Age, male, AA, FH, HTN, Hyperlipids, smoking, sedentary, Women: menopause uses estrogen/Bcp & smoking When should cholesterol screening begin for high risk? 25 for women, 35 for men, every 3 yrs Risk factors for hyperlipids? diabetic, HTN, smoking, FH When should cholesterol screening begin for low risk? males 35, females 45, every 5 yrs Desirable lipid levels? Total 200; Trigly 150; LDL 100; HDL F 45 M 40 cardioprotective 60 What tests and labs are use to dx PVD? Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) & lipid panel Treatment of PVD/PAD consists of what? drugs to lower lipids, control HTN, antiplatelet agent Risk factors for DVT genetic clotting issues, immobility, smoking, obesity, age, FH, hormone/BCPs Symptoms of DVT unilateral LE swelling, pain in calf, leg cramps, erythema, pallor What is a common technique to elicit pain associated with DVT Homan's sign (dorsiflexion of foot) Common treatment for DVT anticoagulants, compression stockings, "clot busters"-Tpa Treatment goals for DVT Resolve clot, prevent PE, prevent post phlebitis syndrome or reoccurrence Cardinal Symptoms of asthma? Cough, wheeze, SOB Differential dx for asthma COPD, GERD, Esinophilic bronchitis What is the main trigger to asthma? exposure to agent pt is sensitized to. What is Baylor's Rules of Two with asthma?