Portage Learning A&P1 Final Exam
Questions with Correct Solutions
Catabolism - ✔✔ breakdown of more complex substances into simpler ones with release of energy
Anabolism - ✔✔ metabolic building of simple compounds into more complex substances needed by the body
Four basic tissue types - ✔✔ epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
Abduction - ✔✔ Movement away from midline
Adduction - ✔✔ Movement toward midline
What is the dorsal body cavity? - ✔✔ Continuous body cavity that includes cranial cavity and spinal cavity
Which is the saggital plane? - ✔✔ Separates left and right sides of the body
What is oxygen's typical means of entering a cell - ✔✔ Diffusion
What is a polar molecules typical means of entering a cell? - ✔✔ Facilitated diffusion
What is active transport? - ✔✔ the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring
energy.
List the three organelles, in order, involved in the synthesis, transport, and shipping
of proteins. - ✔✔ ribosomes, rough ER, golgi complex
Be able to identify cell parts including the nucleus, ribosomes, nucleolus, lysosomes, mitochondria, and the golgi apparatus - ✔✔ T
T/F cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria - ✔✔ True
T/F the purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP - ✔✔ True Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell membrane. (T or F) - ✔✔ False, peripheral proteins are found on the inner or outer surface of the cell membrane. Integral proteins span the entire length of the membrane
Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject biomacromolecules from the cell. (T
or F) - ✔✔ False- (This process is called exocytosis)
Pinocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to the cell membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T or F) - ✔✔ False- (This process is called receptor-mediated endocytosis or information transfer)
In your own words, discuss Tay-Sachs disease. What organelle within the cell is impacted? What are the symptoms of the disease and why do they occur? - ✔✔ (1)Lysosomes(2) buildup of toxic lipids inside the cell (biomacromolecules)(3) disability and deathIn the genetic disease known as Tay-Sachs, one of the normally
present digestive enzymes inside lysosomes is lacking. Thus, a toxic lipid in the brain cells cannot be broken down. The resulting buildup of lipids in these cells can cause intellectual disability and death.
You are observing two cells under the microscope. They are the same type of eukaryotic cell but one appears much larger. Based on appearance alone, which one would you expect to be carrying out respiration at a slower rate, the larger or smaller cell? Explain why. - ✔✔ The larger cell. As a cell expands the amount of surface area relative to the volume of the cell decreases. The larger cell is less active because relative to its volume, its surface area is less than a smaller cell. In contrast, a larger surface area (relative to its volume) allows the metabolic processes to occur faster.
How many lobes does the left lung have? The right? - ✔✔ 2, 3
Air (and not food) pass in which area? - ✔✔ Nasopharynx
In the respiratory system, gas exchange occurs in the: - ✔✔ Respiratory bronchioles and pulmonary alveoli
What is the glottis and epiglottis? - ✔✔ The glottis is the true vocal cords. Epiglottis covers the trachea during swallowing
Questions with Correct Solutions
Catabolism - ✔✔ breakdown of more complex substances into simpler ones with release of energy
Anabolism - ✔✔ metabolic building of simple compounds into more complex substances needed by the body
Four basic tissue types - ✔✔ epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
Abduction - ✔✔ Movement away from midline
Adduction - ✔✔ Movement toward midline
What is the dorsal body cavity? - ✔✔ Continuous body cavity that includes cranial cavity and spinal cavity
Which is the saggital plane? - ✔✔ Separates left and right sides of the body
What is oxygen's typical means of entering a cell - ✔✔ Diffusion
What is a polar molecules typical means of entering a cell? - ✔✔ Facilitated diffusion
What is active transport? - ✔✔ the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring
energy.
List the three organelles, in order, involved in the synthesis, transport, and shipping
of proteins. - ✔✔ ribosomes, rough ER, golgi complex
Be able to identify cell parts including the nucleus, ribosomes, nucleolus, lysosomes, mitochondria, and the golgi apparatus - ✔✔ T
T/F cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria - ✔✔ True
T/F the purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP - ✔✔ True Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell membrane. (T or F) - ✔✔ False, peripheral proteins are found on the inner or outer surface of the cell membrane. Integral proteins span the entire length of the membrane
Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject biomacromolecules from the cell. (T
or F) - ✔✔ False- (This process is called exocytosis)
Pinocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to the cell membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T or F) - ✔✔ False- (This process is called receptor-mediated endocytosis or information transfer)
In your own words, discuss Tay-Sachs disease. What organelle within the cell is impacted? What are the symptoms of the disease and why do they occur? - ✔✔ (1)Lysosomes(2) buildup of toxic lipids inside the cell (biomacromolecules)(3) disability and deathIn the genetic disease known as Tay-Sachs, one of the normally
present digestive enzymes inside lysosomes is lacking. Thus, a toxic lipid in the brain cells cannot be broken down. The resulting buildup of lipids in these cells can cause intellectual disability and death.
You are observing two cells under the microscope. They are the same type of eukaryotic cell but one appears much larger. Based on appearance alone, which one would you expect to be carrying out respiration at a slower rate, the larger or smaller cell? Explain why. - ✔✔ The larger cell. As a cell expands the amount of surface area relative to the volume of the cell decreases. The larger cell is less active because relative to its volume, its surface area is less than a smaller cell. In contrast, a larger surface area (relative to its volume) allows the metabolic processes to occur faster.
How many lobes does the left lung have? The right? - ✔✔ 2, 3
Air (and not food) pass in which area? - ✔✔ Nasopharynx
In the respiratory system, gas exchange occurs in the: - ✔✔ Respiratory bronchioles and pulmonary alveoli
What is the glottis and epiglottis? - ✔✔ The glottis is the true vocal cords. Epiglottis covers the trachea during swallowing
