Understanding Anatomy & Physiology 2nd
Edition Ch. 1
Anatomy - ANSStructure of the body
Physiology - ANSHow the body functions
Pathophysiology - ANSThe study of the processes that disturb normal function is called
pathophysiology.
- Patho means suffering or disease
Alveoli - ANS- the smallest of these bronchi end in tiny sacs
- oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream through the alveoli
situs inversus - ANSinherited condition—the organs are reversed.
Organization of the Body - ANSAtoms-Molecules-Organelles-Cells-Tissue
-Organ-Organ Systems-Human Organism
(At Moments Of Complete Tension, Order Organic Hummas)
Atoms - ANSlink together to form molecules
Molecules - ANSorganized into various structures, including organelles
Organelles - ANSthe metabolic units within a cell that perform a specific function necessary to
the life of the cell. i.e. mitochondria—the power houses that furnish the cell's energy—and the
cell's nucleus. Organelles are contained within cells
Cells - ANSthe smallest living units that make up the body's structure. Cells group together to
form tissue
Tissues - ANSspecialized groups of cells with similar structure and function.Tissues come
together to form organs
Organs - ANSStructures of two or more tissue types working together to carry out a particular
function. Examples include the heart, stomach, and kidney. Organs then form organ systems
Organ Systems - ANSgroups of organs that all contribute to a particular function. All of the
organ systems together form a human organism
, Human Organism - ANSone complete individual
Four Types of Tissue - ANS1) Epithelial tissue
2) Connective tissue
3) Muscle
4) Nerve tissue
Epithelial Tissue - ANScovers or lines body surfaces; examples include the outer layer of the
skin, the walls of capillaries, and kidney tubules.
Connective Tissue - ANSconnects and supports parts of the body; some transport and store
materials; examples include bone, cartilage, and adipose tissues.
Muscle - ANScontracts to produce movement; examples include skeletal muscles and the heart.
Nerve Tissue - ANSgenerates and transmits impulses to regulate body function;examples
include the brain and nerves.
11 Organ Systems - ANSIntegumentary -Skeletal -Muscular -Lymphatic -Respiratory -Urinary
-Nervous -Endocrine -Circulatory -Digestive- Male reproductive -Female reproductive
MURDERS LINC
Integumentary system - ANSConsists of skin, hair, and nails
Key functions:
•Protection •Temperature regulation •Water retention •Sensation
Skeletal system - ANSConsists of bones, cartilage, and ligaments
Key functions:
•Protection of body organs •Support •Movement •Blood formation
Muscular system - ANSConsists primarily of skeletal muscles
Key functions:
•Movement •Posture •Heat production
Lymphatic system - ANSConsists of lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph,thymus, spleen,and
tonsils
Key functions:
•Role in fluid balance •Production of immune cells •Defense against disease
Respiratory system - ANSConsists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
Key functions:
•Absorption of oxygen •Discharge of carbon dioxide •Acid-base balance •Speech
Edition Ch. 1
Anatomy - ANSStructure of the body
Physiology - ANSHow the body functions
Pathophysiology - ANSThe study of the processes that disturb normal function is called
pathophysiology.
- Patho means suffering or disease
Alveoli - ANS- the smallest of these bronchi end in tiny sacs
- oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream through the alveoli
situs inversus - ANSinherited condition—the organs are reversed.
Organization of the Body - ANSAtoms-Molecules-Organelles-Cells-Tissue
-Organ-Organ Systems-Human Organism
(At Moments Of Complete Tension, Order Organic Hummas)
Atoms - ANSlink together to form molecules
Molecules - ANSorganized into various structures, including organelles
Organelles - ANSthe metabolic units within a cell that perform a specific function necessary to
the life of the cell. i.e. mitochondria—the power houses that furnish the cell's energy—and the
cell's nucleus. Organelles are contained within cells
Cells - ANSthe smallest living units that make up the body's structure. Cells group together to
form tissue
Tissues - ANSspecialized groups of cells with similar structure and function.Tissues come
together to form organs
Organs - ANSStructures of two or more tissue types working together to carry out a particular
function. Examples include the heart, stomach, and kidney. Organs then form organ systems
Organ Systems - ANSgroups of organs that all contribute to a particular function. All of the
organ systems together form a human organism
, Human Organism - ANSone complete individual
Four Types of Tissue - ANS1) Epithelial tissue
2) Connective tissue
3) Muscle
4) Nerve tissue
Epithelial Tissue - ANScovers or lines body surfaces; examples include the outer layer of the
skin, the walls of capillaries, and kidney tubules.
Connective Tissue - ANSconnects and supports parts of the body; some transport and store
materials; examples include bone, cartilage, and adipose tissues.
Muscle - ANScontracts to produce movement; examples include skeletal muscles and the heart.
Nerve Tissue - ANSgenerates and transmits impulses to regulate body function;examples
include the brain and nerves.
11 Organ Systems - ANSIntegumentary -Skeletal -Muscular -Lymphatic -Respiratory -Urinary
-Nervous -Endocrine -Circulatory -Digestive- Male reproductive -Female reproductive
MURDERS LINC
Integumentary system - ANSConsists of skin, hair, and nails
Key functions:
•Protection •Temperature regulation •Water retention •Sensation
Skeletal system - ANSConsists of bones, cartilage, and ligaments
Key functions:
•Protection of body organs •Support •Movement •Blood formation
Muscular system - ANSConsists primarily of skeletal muscles
Key functions:
•Movement •Posture •Heat production
Lymphatic system - ANSConsists of lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph,thymus, spleen,and
tonsils
Key functions:
•Role in fluid balance •Production of immune cells •Defense against disease
Respiratory system - ANSConsists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
Key functions:
•Absorption of oxygen •Discharge of carbon dioxide •Acid-base balance •Speech
