LSUE Pharmacology Exam Questions With Complete Solutions.

drug - any chemical that can affect living processes pharmacology - the study of drugs and their interactions with living systems -physical and chemical properties of drugs -biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs -includes knowledge, history, sources, and uses of drugs clinical pharmacology - the study of drugs in humans includes: patients AND healthy volunteers (during new development) therapeutics or pharmacotherapeutics - the use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or to prevent pregnancy *the medical use of drugs* effectiveness, safety, selectivity - There is no such thing as a perfect drug. However, the three MOST IMPORTANT drug CHARACTERISTICS/properties of an IDEAL DRUG are: effective - a ___ drug is one that elicits the responses for which it is given. **The most important property a drug can have** safe - a ___ drug is one that cannot produce harmful effects--even if administered at very high doses for a very long time. anticancer - certain ___ drugs (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate) at usual therapeutic doses, always increase the risk of serious infectionopioid - ___ analgesics (morphine, meperidine) at high therapeutic doses, can case potentially fatal respiratory depression aspirin - ___ and related drugs, when taken long term in high therapeutic doses, can cause life threatening gastric ulceration, perforation, and bleeding remedy, poison - Clearly, drugs have both benefits and risks. Greeks used the word pharmakon which means ___ and ___ selective - a ___drug is one that elicits ONLY the response for which it is given. THERE IS NO SUCH THING as a wholly .... drug because all drugs can cause side effects. EX: drowsiness caused by antihistamines; peripheral edema caused by calcium channel blockers (CCBs); & the sexual dysfunction commonly caused by certain antidepressants additional properties of an ideal drug - Reversible action Predictability Ease of administration Freedom from drug interactions Low cost Chemical stability Simple generic name to provide maximum benefit with minimum harm - What is the therapeutic objective of drug therapy?