ATI MedSurg Comprehensive Review 2023 with Complete Solution

Diabetic Ketoacidosis - ANSWER-- assessment: dehydration, ketosis, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia - admin fast acting insulin that can be effective within 10 min, admin IV - kussmaul resp Beta blockers (Propanolol) - ANSWER-- monitor: sore throat, vision changes, blurred vision, dry eyes, dry mouth, abd cramping, colitis, acute pancreatitis - notify provider: night cough Factors that affect wound healing - ANSWER-- dehydration (UO) - infection - BMI <18.5 or >25 - malnutrition (low protein, vita C) - age - decreased hgb, tissue perfusion - wound stress HIV/AIDS - ANSWER-- positive response to treatment monitored by viral load - risk for infection: do not drink fluids left out for longer than 60 min, clean toothbrush in dishwasher weekly, avoid fresh produce, check temp daily - dx test: ELISA confirmed by western blot/IFA, viral load Fluid replacement - ANSWER-- monitor BUN Cerebrovascular accident - ANSWER-- right sided: visual, spatial, proprioception; poor impulse control/judgment; unilateral neglect - left sided: language, math, analytical skills Preventing UTIs - ANSWER-- wipe from front to back - void after intercourse - avoid baths - drink 2-3 L of fluid daily - cotton underwear - urinate Q2-4h Radiation therapy - ANSWER-- do not remove ink markings - wash area gently with warm water and mild soap - avoid sun esposure for 1 year - dispose body fluids in lead container - limit visits to 30 min a day -