Midwifery - Anatomy and Physiology - Year 1 Questions & Answers (rated A)

Midwifery - Anatomy and Physiology - Year 1 Questions & Answers (rated A) What are the 3 phases of the first stage of labour? - ANSWER-Latent phase - 0-4cm, irregular contractions, cervical canal shortens (3cm to less than 0.5cm). Active phase - 4-8cm, regular contractions 2-5 mins apart and lasting over 60 seconds, cervix is mid to anterior/soft, effaced. Transitional - 8-10cm, can be brief lull in contractions, change in woman's behaviour. Where does fertilisation usually occur? - ANSWER-Ampulla of the uterine tube. What is the dosage of diamorphine and how is it given? - ANSWER-5-10mg (dependent on patient size), 4 hourly and IM. What is Pica? - ANSWER-Craving of non-food items such as clay, soap, coal, etc. When should the nuchal translucency scan take place and what is it for? - ANSWER-Between 11+2 and 14+1 weeks. It checks the fluid at the back of the baby's neck and is an indicator for Down's syndrome. What is tachysystole? - ANSWER-More than 5 contractions in 10 minutes in spontaneous labour. What is tachycardia? - ANSWER-A maternal pulse rate of over 100bpm. Name 5 non-pharmacological methods of pain relief. - ANSWER-Water Distraction techniques TENS machine Position Massage Hypnotherapy Aromatherapy Acupuncture Breathing techniques What changes occur in the maternal respiratory system during pregnancy? - ANSWER-Oxygen consumption increases by up to 20-30%