NUR 239 Exam 1 (With complete solution)

Therapeutic Classification correct answers Usually reflect the conditions for which the drugs are used (antidepressants) Prototype correct answers Individual drug the represents a group of drugs; usually the first drug of a particular drug class to be developed Generic Name correct answers related to the chemical or official name and is independent of the manufacturer; indicates the drug group; lowercase Brand name correct answers designed and patented by the manufacturer; name is capitalized Controlled II scheduled drugs correct answers -Drugs that are used medically and have high abuse potentials -DEA assigns prescribers a number which they must include on ALL prescriptions -They cannot be refilled What are the five things you must consider with herbal products? correct answers 1. Many of the products may not be safe bc active ingredients and effects on the body are unknown; some contain heavy metals and prescription and non-prescription drugs 2. Use of supplements may keep the patient from seeking treatment 3. The products may interact with prescription drugs to decrease therapeutic effects or increase adverse effects 4. Most of the products have not been studied sufficiently to evaluate their safety or effectiveness 5. Many patients who use supplements do not tell their healthcare providers, which can lead to dangerous interactions when the supplements are combined with prescription or OTC drugs first pass effect correct answers when drugs are given orally, they're absorbed from the GI tract and carried to the liver through the portal circulation -some drugs are extensively metabolized by the liver, with only a part of the dose reaching the systemic circulation for distribution to sites of action Serum half-life correct answers time required for the serum concentration of a drug to decrease by 50% -Determined by the drug's rate of metabolism and excretion What are the variables related to pharmacokinetics? correct answers Age: In children, drug metabolizing enzymes have an increased activity level, causing some drugs to be rapidly metabolized and eliminated In adults, drugs are metabolized more slowly, are more likely to accumulate and have a longer effect Body Weight: Relates to dosage of the medication Genetics: Some people's enzymes alter the way the medication is absorbed Ethnicity: Most drug trials have been derived from white men. Most AA's respond differently to some cardiovascular drugs