Health Assessment: HEENT Latest Update Rated A 2023/2024

Health Assessment: HEENT Latest Update Rated A Subjective data of the head and neck: headaches Answer- -ask pt if headaches are present or absent -ask pt about the location of the headache Subjective data of the head and neck: occipital OR frontal Answer- -vise-like pain -a TENSION headache Subjective data of the head and neck: supraorbital OR frontotemporal Answer- -throbbing pain -associated with visual disturbances Subjective data of the head and neck: vascular headache/migraine Answer- -can be heightened by stress -heightened by menstrual cycle -heightened with eating cheese and chocolate (foods) Subjective data of the head and neck: cluster headaches Answer- -unilateral -excruciating pain -can last 1-2 years, will have a bunch of pain for a month or so and then nothing for a few years Subjective data of the head and neck: history or head injuries and experience of? Answer- - dizziness= feeling of lightheadedness Vertigo Answer- rotational spinning -objective vertigo= room is spinning -subjective vertigo= pt. feels like he or she is spinning Subjective data of the head and neck: presence of neck pain? Answer- -acute onset of neck stiffness is usually r/t meningeal inflammation -stress and tension Subjective data of the head and neck: lumps or swelling in the neck Answer- -salivary or thyroid tumors **smoking, chewing tobacco and alcohol use increases the risk of cancer in the throat and in the thyroid Subjective data of the head and neck: ask about history of Answer- past thyroid problems Head and neck CANCER warning signs: Answer- -lump or sore that does not heal -sore throat that does not go away -trouble swallowing -a change or hoarseness of voice Primary reason for oral cancer? Answer- smoking **second is alcohol use Inspection and Palpation of the Skull: size and shape Answer- normocephalic: is the head size appropriate for the body? Microcephaly: Answer- abnormally small Macrocephaly: Answer- abnormally large *think Charlie Brown Inspection and Palpation of the Skull: temporal area Answer- -palpate the temporal artery -palpate the temporomandibular joint (jaw) Inspection and Palpation of the Skull: TMJ Answer- -check for crepitation (poor alignment of teeth) --precursor for headaches -limited ROM -tenderness Abnormalities (head size and contour): hydrocephalus Answer- -obstruction of drainage of CSF which results in excessive accumulation -causes increased intracranial pressure and enlargement of the head **only in infants before the fontanels close Abnormalities (head size and contour): Paget's disease Answer- -increased bone reabsorption and formation which thickens and deforms bones -more likely in men Abnormalities (head size and contour): acromegaly Answer- -seen in head and hands -excessive secretion of GH after puberty which results in an enlarged head Inspect the face: note facial expression and appropriateness of behavior Answer- -hostility and aggression -tense, rigid musculature -marked asymmetry Cranial nerve VII (FACIAL) damage= Answer- Bell's Palsy