AP World History Modern Unit 1 Terms updated to pass

AP World History Modern Unit 1 Terms Confucianism - correct answer The system of ethics, education, and statesmanship taught by Confucius and his disciples, stressing love for humanity, ancestor worship, reverence for parents, and harmony in thought and conduct. Made to restore traditional values and develop a caste system. Filial Piety - correct answer In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors. Neo-Confucianism - correct answer Term to describe the resurgence of Confucianism and the influence of Confucian scholars during the T'ang Dynasty; a unification of Daoist or Buddhist metaphysics with Confucian ideas. Confucian respect and deference for women. - correct answer Believed women were capable of loyalty, courage, and devotion, but also intrigue, manipulation, and selfishness. Women were supposed to remain in their place in the caste system. Theravada - correct answer Teaching of the elders; oldest serving branch of Buddhism; more conservative. Mahayana - correct answer The name of the more mystical and larger of the two main Buddhist sects. Originated in India in the 400s CE and gradually found its way north to the Silk road and into Central and East Asia. Focus on more spiritual relations. Tibetan Buddhism - correct answer The religion of Tibet; a form of Mahayana Buddhism. Combines values of Buddhism and other indigenous religion. Champa Rice - correct answer Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season. Originally introduced into Champa from India, it was later sent to China as a tribute gift by the Champa state (now known as Vietnam) during the Song dynasty. Increased China's population greatly. Grand Canal Expansion - correct answer Built in 7th century during reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long. Built to ship grain from rich farmland in south China to Beijing. Song Dynasty - correct answer (960-1279 CE) The Chinese dynasty that placed much more emphasis on civil administration, industry, education, and arts other than military. Used a monarch government system, later taken over by the Mongols. Comparable to the renaissance of Europe of the 14th century. Effects of the innovations of the Chinese economy in Song, China. - correct answer Products such as textiles, porcelain, steel, and iron lead to urbanization and made China richer. Effects of Intellectual Innovation in Dar al Islam. - correct answer Dar al Islam translates to "The House of Islam" or "The House of Peace." This was a place where Muslims could practice their religion. Expanded dramatically in medieval times. Arab elements were incorporated to philosophy. Innovation from these new philosophies are partial to inventions we still use today, such as toothbrushes, marching bands, and algebra. Abbasid Caliphate - correct answer Third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. The rulers who built their capital in Baghdad after overthrowing the Umayyad caliphs. (Caliphs are leaders.) In started in 750 CE. It flourished for two centuries, but slowly went into decline with the rise to power of the Turkish army it had created, the Mamluks. In the 13th century the Mongols displaced them. Seljuk Empire - correct answer An empire formed by Turkish and Persian Sunnis, lasting from 1037 to 1194 A.D. Monarch government. Mamluk Sulante of Egypt - correct answer Medieval realm spanning Egypt, the Levant, and Hejaz. Lasted the overthrow of the Ayyubid dynasty until Ottoman conquest in Egypt in 1517. Largely a military based dynasty. Soldiers were called mamlucks, their status just above slaves. Delhi Sultanates - correct answer For about 320 years beginning in 1206, five dynasties ruled over the city of Delhi in India. This kingdom has been coined the Delhi Sultanate. A former slave named Qutb-ud-din Aibak began the dynasty, spreading Delhi's territory and influence across northern India. He also spread the influence of the Islamic religion throughout the region. After years of conquest, the Sultanate conquered and incorporated that majority of the Indian subcontinent. This resulted in a sort of unification process between the diverse peoples of the region, but also led to a split in Indian culture, as Hindus increasingly fought against the Sultanate in the 16th century, leading to its demise.