DAANCE MOD 1-BASIC SCIENCES STUDY GUIDE (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)2023

DAANCE MOD 1-BASIC SCIENCES STUDY GUIDE (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)2023 neurons do what - CORRECT ANSWER-conduct nerve impulses what is the synapse - CORRECT ANSWER-junction between two neurons what makes up the central nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER-brain and spinal cord what three parts make up the brain - CORRECT ANSWER-cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata what makes up the peripheral nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER-sensory nerves and motor nerves How many cranial nerves are there - CORRECT ANSWER-12 what nerve is the trigeminal nerve - CORRECT ANSWER-5 what parts does the trigeminal nerve control - CORRECT ANSWER-supplies sensation to the teeth and jaw what are the 2 components of the autonomic nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWERsympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system what nervous system "speeds things up" - CORRECT ANSWER-sympathetic what nervous system "slows things down" - CORRECT ANSWER-parasympathetic what nervous system has terminations in all level of the heart - CORRECT ANSWERsympathetic nervous system stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes what? - CORRECT ANSWERvasoconstriction in general and increases the heart rate what nervous system is important in maintaining blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER-sympathetic vasomotor is controlled by the - CORRECT ANSWER-sympathetic nervous system the vasomotor does what - CORRECT ANSWER-controls the diameter of the blood vessels baroreceptors regulate what function - CORRECT ANSWER-blood pressure with positional changes the sympathetic or adrenergic effects of the autonomic nervous system involve what - CORRECT ANSWER-two effects A and B- these effect several tissues and organs Alpha effect is what (only one alpha) - CORRECT ANSWER-vasoconstriction Beta effect is what( two beta categories) - CORRECT ANSWER-seen in bigger organs, heart and lungs Beta 1 activity is where - CORRECT ANSWER-heart related functions- such as increased heart rate and strength of contraction Beta 2 activity is where - CORRECT ANSWER-pulmonary function of bronchiolar dilation (lungs) Parasympathetic stimulation causes what - CORRECT ANSWER-increased activity of digestive tract and stimulates production of saliva and pharyngeal secretions. (atropine or Robinul can counteract stimulations) Automaticity - CORRECT ANSWER-heart pumps on its own Heart has four chamber- what are they - CORRECT ANSWER-left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle Where does the left atrium receive blood from - CORRECT ANSWER-from the lungs, via the pulmonary vein- oxygen rich blood Where does the right atrium receive blood from - CORRECT ANSWER-from the peripheral (body's) circulation and is oxygen poor the ventricles receive blood from where - CORRECT ANSWER-the atria Ventricle anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER-thicker walls larger chambers left ventricle is the thickest m. Where does the right ventricle send blood - CORRECT ANSWER-deoxygenated blood to the lungs Where does the left ventricle send blood - CORRECT ANSWER-oxygenated blood to the body/ peripheral circulation What are the three sources the right atrium receives blood - CORRECT ANSWERabove: superior vena cava below: inferior vena cava inside the heart m.: coronary sinus the blood in veins are considered what - CORRECT ANSWER-oxygen poor blood vessels leading AWAY from the heart are - CORRECT ANSWER-arteries blood vessels leading TO the heart are - CORRECT ANSWER-veins Flow of Blood through the heart - CORRECT ANSWER-1. right atrium fills with blood 2. contracts- tricuspid valve 3. right ventricle fills with blood 4. contracts- closes tricuspid valve/opens pulmonary valve 5. blood goes through pulmonary artery to the lungs 6. pulmonary veins returns blood to left atrium 7. contracts-mitral valve 8. left ventricle fills with blood 9. Contracts- forces blood through aortic valve into aorta and then the peripheral circulation. closure of the four valves prevents back flow. if valve is damaged then this will be a - CORRECT ANSWER-heart murmur or mitral valve prolapse most heart problems are because of - CORRECT ANSWER-faulty or reduced coronary circulation- the hearts own circulatory syste