FRESENIUS EXAM QUESTIONS WITHCOMPLETE AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED TO PASS

What are the three main blood-borne pathogen's that pose a risk to hemodialysis patients? - Hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV. What are the two most common causes of death in hemodialysis patients? - Cardiovascular complications and infection. How is disease spread? - Direct contact, indirect contact, airborne and droplets What technique must be used for cannulation, setting up machines, giving medications, and removing patient needles? - Aseptic technique. How long must you wash your hands - 40 to 60 seconds How long do you rub your hands when using hand sanitizer? - 30 seconds What PPE is required when touching the extracorporeal circuit, giving meds, cannulation and removing needles? - Gloves, gown and face shield Do you need to wear gloves when touching the dialysis machine? - Yes What bleach solution is used to clean the dialysis machine and patient chair? - 1:100 bleach solution How long does hepatitis B live on surfaces? - Seven days or more As a treatment nurse, can you care for a hepatitis B patient while caring for a immune deficient patient? - No May a dialysis machine being used for a hepatitis B patient be used on anyone else? - Not until the patient has been discharged from the center and is no longer a patient there at which time the machine would need to be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected inside and out prior to being used for anyone else Does hepatitis C patients need to be isolated like the hepatitis B? - No Can an active tuberculosis patient be dialyzed at an outpatient clinic? - No, they must have three consecutive tests that are all negative prior to being able to be dialyzed outpatient. How long do you need to clean the top of a multidose vial? - 30 seconds with an alcohol swab Can you use more than one multidose vial to fill a syringe? - No, if there is not enough drug in the first vial you must pull up the remaining medication needed in a second syringe. Then label them one of two and two of two. Can you give a medication that was drawn up by someone else? - No What does it mean to re-circulate ? - After priming the extracorporeal circuit, you attach the arterial and venous lines together to form a loop then check the dialysate with the phoenix meter. Once the dialysate has passed Phoenix meter test, attach the red and blue Hansons to fill the dialysate compartment of the dialyzer. The system stays like this with the blood pump running until you are ready to prime and hook up the patient. Can you invert a vial of Epogen? - No,be careful not to shake the vial and do not turn the while upside down. What are the components of a dialysis order? - Dialyzer type/size, correct bath, sodium, bicarb, dialysate flow rate, Blood flow rate, needle size, time, temperature, and OL CV. What is the purpose of priming The extracorporeal circuit? - Priming takes the air and germicide out of the bloodlines and dialyzer. What is the purpose of recirculation - Recirculation keeps air and germicide out of the bloodlines and dialyzer. During recirculation, air and germicide is sent through circuit dialyze off any germicide or air that is left. The germicide travels from the blood side of the dialyzer to the dilate side and then down the drain. When inspecting the dialyzer what are you looking for? - That it is the correct dialyzer, not expired, not defective, no cracks, tears, and package is intact. Key points to learn about priming and recirculation - Air bubbles can cause blood clotting in the dialyzer and tubing during a treatment. Prime and recirculate. Make sure the air is removed from bloodlines and dialyzer. How is the correct dialysate prescription entered into the dialysis machine - Temperature, time, DFR, BFR, Na, Bicarb, UF Goal, OLCv, Needle Size, and Profile. What is theoretical conductivity - TCD is the targetconductivity for the prescribed concentrate base sodium and base bicarb. Conductivity based on a particular prescription. TCD is calculated based on what the conductivity of a solution or as ionic composition. What is the safe range of conductivity based on the TCD? - The conductivity must be within plus or -.5 of the TCD. What is the acceptable range at the Phoenix meter must be in relation to the conductivity on the machine - The phoenix meter and the machine must be within plus or -.3 of each other.