FRESENIUS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

Hand washing - What is the number 1 infection control practice? Hbsag+ patients - Who is dialyzed in an isolation room? True - True or False: Hep B is bloodborne MRSA, VRE, or VRSA patients - Who is dialyzed in a separation room? In the hospital in a negative pressure room - Where are active TB patient's dialyzed in? Within 2 hours - If potential exposed to HIV, in how much time should you receive prophylaxis treatment? 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, bladder, and a urethra - What is the urinary system made up of? Through the renal artery - Where does blood enter the kidney? Antidiuretic hormone - What is ADH? It affects the healthy kidney by reducing the excretion of urine - What does ADH do? Excretory, endocrine, regulatory, and filtration - What are the kidneys four functions? Renin, erythropoietin, and calcitrol - What hormones do the kidneys produce? It constricts blood vessels (vasoconstriction) which increases blood pressure - What does renin do? It signals bone marrow to produce RBC's - What does erythropoietin do? #1 is DM and #2 in HTN - What is the #1 and #2 cause of chronic renal failure? The build up of waste products in the blood - What is uremia? Purified water, acid, and bicarbonate - What is dialysate made up of? Calcium and potassium - What electrolytes are in the acid solution portion of the dialysate? False. It is biocompatible and CLEAN. - True or False: Dialysate is sterile It ultra purifies the dialysate before it goes into the dialyzer which prevents endotoxins from entering the dialyzer/dialysate - What is the purpose of the diasafe filter? The movement of solutes across a semipermeable membrane from higher concentration to lower. - What is diffusion? It is affected by concentration gradient, temperature, and countercurrent flow. - What is the diffusion rate affected by? It is the movement of water from lower concentration of solutes to a higher concentration - What is osmosis? It is the use of negative and positive pressures to pull excess fluid from patient - What is ultrafiltration? It is how much weight is needed to be removed to get the pt down to their EDW - What is the pt's "available weight"? Intravascular, intercellular, and interstitial - What are the 3 bod compartments? Place pt in reclining position with feet elevated. Turn UF down or off. Give bolus if needed. Notify RN. - What are the interventions for hypotension? Shifting of electrolytes, attempting to pull large amount of fluid in short time, or going below EDW - What causes cramping? Turn down BFR, and turn off UF. RN give O2, and MAYBE nitro if needed. - What do you do if a pt is complaining of chest pain? If pt's BUN is extremely high or if it is pt's first treatment - When does disequilibrium syndrome possibly occur? Potassium - What does hemolyzed blood have excess amounts of? Hemolysis - What can occur if the arterial pressure is greater than -250? Urea kinetic modeling (UKM) - What is adequacy measured in? Glomelular filtration rate (GFR) - What is used for measuring the level of kidney function in CRF patients? 1.4 - What is Fresenius's goal for spktd/v? Blood and dialysate - What are the two types of alarms on the dialysis machine? Fibers inside the dialyzer are broken causing blood and dialysate to mix together. - What does the blood leak alarm indicate? That air is detected in the machine which causes the clamp to secure completely below venous chamber. - What does an air detector alarm indicate? Venous pressure too high. Caused by kinks in lines, infiltration, clots, etc. - What does the VP alarm indicate? Arterial pressure is too high. Caused by blockage, clots, etc - What does the AP alarm indicate? There is a pressure difference across the membrane fibers inside the dialyzer - What does the TMP pressure alarm indicate?