C458 ASSESSMENT TEST| 283 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

What are the components of a healthy diet? -less than 10% calories from saturated fatty acids -include fiber -less than 2,300 mg sodium How do antioxidants affect the aging process? -may reverse/forestall some of the negative effects of the aging process What do carbohydrates provide for the body? -only energy source used by brain cells Definition: Protein -synthesizes antibodies which help fight disease -helps manufacture blood, enzymes, hormones What do lipids do for the body? -insulates the body against changes in body temperature -protects underlying tissues by acting as a shock absorber Vegetarians must combine different foods to ensure they provide all the ______ _______ _______ . -essential amino acids What are the nutritional recommendations to help prevent certain cancers? -eat a variety of fruits, veggies, lean meats, and fish -consume foods with adequate starch and fiber -limit sugar intake What part of a nutrition label should people with high blood pressure pay most attention to? -cholesterol ratio (compared to daily calories, 1:2) What do people with high self-esteem do? -take reasonable risks -solve problems -nurture themselves -confront frightening things What are some signs of childhood depression? -inappropriate guilt -inability to concentrate -thoughts of suicide What are the common symptoms of stress? -smoking more often -stuttering momentarily -acting impulsively -grinding teeth What are some tips to manage stress? -eat healthy food -get sufficient sleep -learn time management skills How do peer relationships change during emotional development? -friends become increasingly important as child ages How should you help someone through the stages of grieving? -be a good listener -encourage self care -provide practical help -make contact What are some signs of anorexia? -compulsive behavior -intense fear of weight gain -low self image What are some signs of bulimia? -erosion of tooth enamel -throat abrasions -unusual swelling of cheeks and jaw -calluses on the knuckles What are some signs of a binge eating disorder? -clinical obesity -compulsive overeating without purging What is the most common emotional response to terminal illness? -denial What is the job of the integumentary system? -forms a protective barrier -regulates body temperature What is the job of the central nervous system? -regulates muscle coordination -controls blood pressure -regulates thirst and hunger -regulates body temperature What are some symptoms of the common cold? -obstructed breathing -teary eyes What diseases are classified as infectious? -cholera -HIV/AIDS -mononucleosis What diseases are classified as non-infectious? -asthma -emphysema -Parkinson's Disease What are some of the physical changes that happen during a normal aging process? -thinning of the epidermal layers -decreased manual dexterity -ocular degeneration What is a common symptom of myopia? -blurred distance vision What part of the ear does loud noise damage? -hair cells What does UV radiation do to the human body? -causes skin cancer -suppresses the immune system -cause cataracts -premature aging of the skin How do you maintain good dental hygiene? -brushing teeth after meals -flossing daily -using fluoride toothpaste How do you prevent carpal tunnel syndrome? -preform stretching exercises What does immunization do for the community? -slow/stop disease outbreaks What are the symptoms of methamphetamines? -paranoia -decreased appetite -increased respiration What are the symptoms of heroin? -weight loss -lethargy -euphoria/relaxation What does GHB cause? (gamma hydroxybutric acid) -drowsiness and amnesia When is it appropriate to use over-the-counter drugs? -common cold -flu symptoms -cough What is the major risk of taking over-the-counter drugs? -unknown drug interactions What are the symptoms of tobacco use? -curbs anxiety -habit forming How does aerobic exercise benefit the musculoskeletal system? -increases muscle lean mass -improves muscular endurance How does having good joint flexibility help muscles related to physical fitness? -decreases deterioration of joints Kubler-Ross 5 psychological stages of grief: 1. denial 2. anger 3. bargaining 4. depression 5. acceptance What is the antagonistic effect? -fcn of another drug interfered with or blocked -a normal biological compound, such as a hormone, is inhibited What is the placebo effect? -perceived effects are produced based on the perceptions of the user What is the synergistic effect? -action is greater than the sum of the effects of each drug alone What is cross-tolerance? -effects are the same as other drugs that are pharmacologically similar -resistance to one drug causes resistance to another similar drug What are some common indicators of substance abuse? -sudden or dramatic changes in mood or disposition -reduced attention to physical appearance or hygiene -uncharacteristic isolation or antisocial behavior -inability to focus or concentrate on specific tasks -intermittent periods of high energy and fatigue What are some strategies to prevent substance abuse in young adults? -develop a commitment pledge not to use drugs -provide resources for them to set and achieve goals -model good decision-making behaviors in social situations How do aerobic exercises benefit the musculoskeletal system? -increases muscle lean mass -improves muscular endurance How do aerobic exercises benefit the cardiorespiratory system? -enables more blood to be pumped with each stroke of the heart -increases number of capillaries in trained skeletal muscles -increases amount of oxygen inhaled What factors of exercise contribute to cardiovascular endurance? -frequency of exercise -exercise duration -intensity of exercise What are the physiological benefits of regular physical exercise? -improved bone mass -improved weight control -improved lipoprotein profile What are the psychological benefits of regular physical exercise? -improved self-esteem -improved quality of sleep -increased mental acuity