,Chapter 1
1. As a health psychologist, Angela Bryan develops interventions to change health behaviors
that are affected by factors.
a. psychological
b. sociological
c. biological
*d. all these
2. Health psychologist Angela Bryan has begun to investigate genetic influences on
*a. people’s responses to interventions with physical activity.
b. people’s tendencies to engage in risky sexual behaviors.
c. people’s likelihood to engage in safer sexual behaviors.
d. people’s responses to interventions with sexual activity.
3. Based on the real-world profile of Angela Bryan, how should health psychologists
evaluate how effective their interventions are in changing health behaviors?
a. By anecdotal feedback from patients they have treated
b. By patients’ responses to self-reporting questionnaires
*c. By applying valid and reliable research methodologies
d. By interdisciplinary partners’ views of patient progress
4. The field of health psychology developed
a. to increase life expectancy, which was much shorter then.
*b. to address challenges in medical care, which was changing.
c. to try to find cures for infectious diseases that caused deaths.
d. to change medicine’s focus from biological to psychosomatic.
5. One hundred years ago, the majority of American deaths were due to
a. behavioral factors.
b. illness from viruses.
*c. disease from bacteria.
d. injuries from accidents.
6. Diseases that killed most people a century ago were more often from
*a. tainted foods than unhealthy habits.
, b. unsafe drinking water than bad foods.
c. others who were ill than food or water.
d. not taking available medicine prescribed.
7. What is true about the time frames of diseases 100 years ago in the United States?
a. Illnesses lasted longer because fewer treatments existed then.
b. Illnesses were shorter because sick people got well in weeks.
c. Illnesses were shorter because sick people died within weeks.
*d. Illnesses lasted for shorter times as results of all these causes.
8. People’s beliefs about health and illness may be incorrect. Which of these common beliefs is
true?
a. The United States ranks in the top five nations in the world in terms of life
expectancy.
b. The 30-year increase in life expectancy in the United States during the 20th
century was due primarily to improved medical care.
c. Infectious and chronic diseases have both decreased in the United States
today.
*d. None of these is true.
9. How has life expectancy in the U.S. changed from a century ago to today?
*a. It has risen to be more than 65% longer.
b. It has increased to almost 35% longer.
c. It has increased, but not significantly.
d. It has exceeded 100 years of age.
10. Which of these most correctly describes changes in U.S. health and health care over
the past century or so?
a. Preventing and treating infectious diseases have decreased chronic diseases
equally.
b. Preventing and treating infectious diseases have reduced chronic disease, but
not as much.
*c. Preventing and treating infectious diseases have enabled predomination of
chronic diseases.
d. Preventing and treating infectious diseases have had no effect at all upon
chronic diseases.
11. Chronic diseases
, *a. develop and persist over a period of time.
b. are due to infectious agents such as bacteria or viruses.
c. are not as common today as during the 19th century.
d. include influenza and pneumonia.
12. diseases are a class of diseases that include heart disease, cancer, and
stroke.
a. Infectious
*b. Chronic
c. Unintentional
d. Cardiovascular
13. In 1900, most deaths in the United States were caused by , whereas today most
are due to .
a. pneumonia. . . cancer
b. chronic diseases. . . cancer
*c. infectious diseases. . . chronic diseases
d. cancer. . . alcohol-related causes
14. During the first few years of the 21st century, deaths from some chronic diseases in
the United States
a. began to rise more rapidly than during the previous 50 years.
*b. began to decrease while deaths not due to lifestyles began to increase.
c. began to increase while deaths not due to lifestyles began to decrease.
d. were replaced by acute diseases as the leading cause of death.
15. In America today, what is a fact about chronic diseases?
*a. They cause a comparable percentage of deaths now as infectious diseases
caused in the past.
b. They cause the majority of deaths now, but a lower percentage than infectious
diseases once did.
c. They cause a comparable percentage of deaths now to the percentage that
infectious diseases cause now.
d. They cause a very low percentage of actual deaths, but many people are living
with them now.
1. As a health psychologist, Angela Bryan develops interventions to change health behaviors
that are affected by factors.
a. psychological
b. sociological
c. biological
*d. all these
2. Health psychologist Angela Bryan has begun to investigate genetic influences on
*a. people’s responses to interventions with physical activity.
b. people’s tendencies to engage in risky sexual behaviors.
c. people’s likelihood to engage in safer sexual behaviors.
d. people’s responses to interventions with sexual activity.
3. Based on the real-world profile of Angela Bryan, how should health psychologists
evaluate how effective their interventions are in changing health behaviors?
a. By anecdotal feedback from patients they have treated
b. By patients’ responses to self-reporting questionnaires
*c. By applying valid and reliable research methodologies
d. By interdisciplinary partners’ views of patient progress
4. The field of health psychology developed
a. to increase life expectancy, which was much shorter then.
*b. to address challenges in medical care, which was changing.
c. to try to find cures for infectious diseases that caused deaths.
d. to change medicine’s focus from biological to psychosomatic.
5. One hundred years ago, the majority of American deaths were due to
a. behavioral factors.
b. illness from viruses.
*c. disease from bacteria.
d. injuries from accidents.
6. Diseases that killed most people a century ago were more often from
*a. tainted foods than unhealthy habits.
, b. unsafe drinking water than bad foods.
c. others who were ill than food or water.
d. not taking available medicine prescribed.
7. What is true about the time frames of diseases 100 years ago in the United States?
a. Illnesses lasted longer because fewer treatments existed then.
b. Illnesses were shorter because sick people got well in weeks.
c. Illnesses were shorter because sick people died within weeks.
*d. Illnesses lasted for shorter times as results of all these causes.
8. People’s beliefs about health and illness may be incorrect. Which of these common beliefs is
true?
a. The United States ranks in the top five nations in the world in terms of life
expectancy.
b. The 30-year increase in life expectancy in the United States during the 20th
century was due primarily to improved medical care.
c. Infectious and chronic diseases have both decreased in the United States
today.
*d. None of these is true.
9. How has life expectancy in the U.S. changed from a century ago to today?
*a. It has risen to be more than 65% longer.
b. It has increased to almost 35% longer.
c. It has increased, but not significantly.
d. It has exceeded 100 years of age.
10. Which of these most correctly describes changes in U.S. health and health care over
the past century or so?
a. Preventing and treating infectious diseases have decreased chronic diseases
equally.
b. Preventing and treating infectious diseases have reduced chronic disease, but
not as much.
*c. Preventing and treating infectious diseases have enabled predomination of
chronic diseases.
d. Preventing and treating infectious diseases have had no effect at all upon
chronic diseases.
11. Chronic diseases
, *a. develop and persist over a period of time.
b. are due to infectious agents such as bacteria or viruses.
c. are not as common today as during the 19th century.
d. include influenza and pneumonia.
12. diseases are a class of diseases that include heart disease, cancer, and
stroke.
a. Infectious
*b. Chronic
c. Unintentional
d. Cardiovascular
13. In 1900, most deaths in the United States were caused by , whereas today most
are due to .
a. pneumonia. . . cancer
b. chronic diseases. . . cancer
*c. infectious diseases. . . chronic diseases
d. cancer. . . alcohol-related causes
14. During the first few years of the 21st century, deaths from some chronic diseases in
the United States
a. began to rise more rapidly than during the previous 50 years.
*b. began to decrease while deaths not due to lifestyles began to increase.
c. began to increase while deaths not due to lifestyles began to decrease.
d. were replaced by acute diseases as the leading cause of death.
15. In America today, what is a fact about chronic diseases?
*a. They cause a comparable percentage of deaths now as infectious diseases
caused in the past.
b. They cause the majority of deaths now, but a lower percentage than infectious
diseases once did.
c. They cause a comparable percentage of deaths now to the percentage that
infectious diseases cause now.
d. They cause a very low percentage of actual deaths, but many people are living
with them now.
