Psychology Memory

Psychology Memory Memory - answer -the ability to store and retrieve information over time The three functions of memory are - answer -Encoding, Storage and Retrieval Encoding - answer -the process by which we transform what we perceive think or feel into an enduring memory Storage - answer -The process of maintaining information in memory over time Retrieval - answer -the process of bringing to mind information that has been previously encoded and stored How are memories constructed? - answer -by combining information we already have with new information coming in. Three major ways to encode - answer -Elaborative encoding, Visual imagery encoding, and Organizational encoding Elaborative encoding - answer -the process of actively relating new information to knowledge that is already in memory Visual imagery encoding - answer -The process of storing new information by converting it into mental pictures Organizational encoding - answer -the process of categorizing information according to the relationships among a series of items Three major kinds of memory storage - answer -Sensory, Short-term and Long-term Sensory memory - answer -Storage that holds sensory information for few seconds or less Short-term memory - answer -also known as working memory - storage that holds non-sensory information for more than a few seconds but less than a minute. Can hold about 7 items Two ways of retaining information in Short-term memory - answer -Rehearsal and chunking Rehearsal - answer -the process of keeping information in Short-Term memory by mentally repeating it Chunking - answer -combining small pieces of information into larger clusters that are more easily held in Short Term memory Long Term Memory - answer -storage that holds information for hours, days, weeks, or years; no known capacity