NUR 414 Exam Questions Updated Answers 2023

NUR 414 Exam Questions Updated Answers 2023 Leadership; management - ANSWER- __ is using individual traits and personal power to interact constructively to resolve problems. Used for nurses, nurse managers, administrators, etc. __ is the act of any individual who guides others through a series of routines, procedures, or practice guidelines. Followership is a complementary set of actions that contribute to problem solving, task attainment, and evaluation with the use of health and assertive behaviors to support those who are leading or managing. A manager - ANSWER- Leadership in nursing involves providing an environment that promotes motivation (Positive feedback, respect - seeking input). Managing in nursing includes communication, organizing healthcare environment, resources, culture, delegation, supervision, and critical thinking. Characteristics of __ includes having an assigned position within organization, have a legitimate source of power due to the delegated authority that accompanies a position, expected to carry out specific functions, duties, and responsibilities; emphasize control, decision making, decision analysis, and results; manipulate people, the environment, money, time, and other resources to achieve organizational goals; have greater formal responsibility and accountability for control than leaders; direct willing and unwilling subordinates. Planning Staffing Directing - ANSWER- Management functions include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. __ encompasses determining philosophy, goals, objectives, policies, procedures, and rules; carrying out long- and short-range projections; determining a fiscal course of action; and managing planned change. Organizing includes establishing the structure to carry out plans, determining the most appropriate type of patient care delivery, and grouping activities to meet unit goals; other functions involve working within the structure of the organization and understanding and using power and authority appropriately. __ consists of recruiting, interviewing, hiring, and orienting staff; scheduling, staff development, employee socialization, and team building are also often included as staffing functions. __ usually entails human resource management responsibilities, such as motivating, managing conflict, delegating, communicating, and facilitating collaboration. Controlling includes performance appraisals, fiscal accountability, quality control, legal and ethical control, and professional and collegial control. Democratic Laissez faire - ANSWER- Types of leadership: Authoritarian: centralized decision making; autocratic; eader dictates policies and procedures, decides what goals are to be achieved, and directs and controls all activities without any meaningful participation by the subordinates. __: an open approach to leading, where decision making is shared and the views of a team or group are valued and contribute to the vison, goals and decision that are made. __: leaders are hands-off and allow group members to make the decisions; permissive. Hersey and Blanchard - ANSWER- Situational contingency theory: __ and __ developed a situational approach to leadership. Their tridimensional leadership effectiveness model predicts which leadership style is most appropriate in each situation on the basis of level of follower's maturity. As people mature, leadership becomes less task focused and more relationship oriented. Readiness or maturity, is assessed in order to select one of four leadership styles for a situation: • Delegating • Supporting • Coaching • Directing Interactional theory Principle agent Human capital theory - ANSWER- __ asserts that leadership arises due to the interaction between individuals and situations. __ is derived from an economic model another form of interactional theory. Not all followers (agents) are motivated to follow the leader or organization. It assumes in order for an agent to follow the incentive must be adequate. __ is the collective education, knowledge, skills, and abilities of the entire group. Recognizes the need for organizations to invest in people in order to anticipate future gains. Example: tuitition reimbursement. Transformational leadership - ANSWER- Transactional leaders treat their relationships with followers as a transaction--define expectations /offer rewards. They focus on management tasks and is a caretaker. Uses trade-offs to meet goals and does not identify shared values. Examines causes and uses contingency reward. Contingent rewards: if a follower produces the desired behavior, she will receive the contracted award (positive and negative). __ is based on the idea of empowering others to engage in pursuing a collective purpose by working together to achieve a vision of a preferred future. Identifies common values and is committed. Inspires others with vision and has long-term vision. Looks at effects and empowers others. Emotional intelligence - ANSWER- __ refers to the ability to perceive, understand, and control one's own emotions as well as those of others. For example, an individual with higher EI might choose to feel useful emotions and regulate them in strategic ways, even if they are unpleasant to experience. Goleman built work on five components of EI: self awareness, self regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.Argued that individuals have rational thinking mind and an emotional feeling mind and that both influence action. The goal is emotional literacy--being self aware about one's emotions and recognizing how they influence subsequent action. Self management includes self control, trustworthiness, initiative, achievement, and drive. To motivate oneself focus on goal, may be delayed gratification. Domains of EI includes self aware, manage emotions, motivate self, empathetic, and handling relationships. Decision making - ANSWER- Decision Making: complex, cognitive process of choosing a particular course of action; the thought process of selecting a logical choice from available options. Problem Solving: part of decision making; systematic process focusing on analyzing a difficult situation involving higher-order reasoning and evaluation. Critical Thinking: the mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion. Steps in __ include determine the decision and outcome (objectives), Research / ID options, Compare / contrast options / consequences, Make a decision, Implement action plan, Evaluate results. Total care nursing - ANSWER- __ is client-focused care. This is also known as the total care or case method; a registered nurse assumes total responsibility for planning and delivering care to a client. The client may have different nurses assigned during a 24-hour period; however, the nurse provides all necessary care needed for the assigned time period. Functional nursing - ANSWER- __ involves a task approach to client care, with tasks being delegated by the charge nurse to individual members of the team. This type of system is task-oriented, and the team member focuses on the delegated task rather than the total client; this results in fragmentation of care and lack of accountability by the team member. Team nursing - ANSWER- __: Team led by RN who is responsible for assessing, developing nursing diagnoses, planning, and evaluating each client's plan of care. The team leader determines the work assignment; each staff member works fully within the realm of his or her educational and clinical expertise and job description. Each staff member is accountable for client care and outcomes of care delivered in accordance with the licensing and practice scope as determined by health care agency policy and state law. Modular nursing is similar to team nursing, but takes into account the structure of the unit; the unit is divided in to modules allowing nurses to care for a group of clients who are geographically close by. Primary nursing - ANSWER- __: Relationship-based practice (primary nursing). Primary nursing is concerned with keeping a nurse at the bedside, actively involved in client care, while planning goal-directed, individualized care. One (primary) nurse is responsible for managing and coordinating the client's care while in the hospital and for discharge, and an associate nurse cares for the client when the primary nurse is off-duty. Advantages include increased communication w physicians, increased pt rapport, autonomy, motivation, and holistic care. Disadvantages include costly, RN may not want 24 hour responsibility, and RN may lack autonomy and inexperienced.