BIO 1150 Exam 4 - Questions with Verified Answers

BIO 1150 Exam 4 - Questions with Verified Answers Species transplant organisms that are intentionally or accidentally relocated from their original distribution Biotic factors that affect the distribution of organisms Predation Herbivory Competition Abiotic factors that affect the distribution of organisms Temperature Water Sunlight Wind Rocks and Soil How does temperature affect cells and proteins? Cells can freeze and rupture, proteins denature in hot temperatures Salinity A measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of liquid; affects water balance through osmosis Sunlight affects photosynthesis, can stress plants and animals Rocks and soil Affects pH, mineral composition Latitude and elevation Affects which organisms will live there How are populations described? by their boundaries and size Population ecology the study of factors that cause populations to increase or decrease Density the number of individuals per unit area or volume Dispersion the pattern of spacing among individuals within the boundaries of the population Mark-recapture method A sampling technique used to estimate wildlife populations. Mark-recapture formula N= sn/x Clumped dispersion The most common pattern of dispersion; individuals aggregated in patches. Uniform dispersion The pattern in which individuals are equally spaced throughout a habitat. Random dispersion Random spacing of individuals of the same species within an area. Demography The study of the vital statistics of a population and how they change over time Life table an age-specific summary of the survival pattern of a population Cohort A group of individuals of the same age. Reproductive table an age-specific summary of the reproductive rates in a population Exponential growth formula and shape Increased under idealized conditions J shaped dN/dT= rmaxN Carrying capacity Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support Logistic growth formula and shape Rate declines as carrying capacity is reached S shape dN/dT= rmaxN[(K-N/K] Density dependent Referring to any characteristic that varies according to an increase in population density.