Absolutism Questions and Answers Already Passed

Absolutism Questions and Answers Already Passed Seventeenth-century European population fluctuated narrowly, constrained by famines and diseases The witch hunts of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were often directed against old single women Recent scholarship cites which of the following reasons for the witchcraft craze of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries social conditions that threatened old communal values The Thirty Years' War is considered by most to be part of the larger Bourbon-Habsburg struggle The event that sparked the Thirty Years' War was a rebellion of Protestant nobles against the Catholic ruler Ferdinand in Bohemia As a result of the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 German states were allowed to determine their religion. Following the Thirty Years' War, what country became dominant in Europe France The Thirty Years' War witnessed the devastation of much of Germany and a loss of population. All of the following were part of the "military revolution" in the century after 1560 except the increased use of militias and volunteer soldiers Cardinal Richelieu's foreign policy led to a disastrous increase in French government debt. Jacques Boussuet's Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Holy Scripture was the fundamental statement of seventeenth-century divine right monarchy Absolutism means ultimate authority rests solely in the hands of a king who rules by divine right. As Louis XIII's chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu was most successful in strengthening the central role of the monarchy in domestic and foreign polic The series of noble revolts known as the Fronde resulted in French citizens looking to the monarchy for stability. Louis XIV restructured the policy-making machinery of the French government by a and b The economic policies of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Louis XIV's controller general of finances were based on the economic theory of mercantilism that stressed government regulation The costly palace built by Louis XIV, that became the envy of all European monarchs, was Versailles The chief reason for the wars of Louis XIV was his desire to insure the dominance of France and his Bourbon dynasty in all Europe The War of the Spanish Succession was effectively concluded with the Peace of Utrecht in 1713 which greatly benefited England, by then a strong naval power The overall practical political purpose of the court of Versailles was to exclude the high nobility and royal princes from real power Louis XIV's Edict of Fontainebleau revoked the earlier Edict of Nantes, curtailed the rights of French Protestants, and caused thousands of highly skilled Huguenot to flee the country After 1648, the Holy Roman Empire was not really and empire at all but rather a loose association of 300 German states Frederick William the Great Elector built Brandenburg-Prussia into a significant European power by making the General War Commissariat the bureaucratic machine of his state The Austrian Empire in the seventeenth century lost a German empire, but gained one in eastern and southeastern Europe Which of the following exerted the most in fluence on Italy by the eighteenth century Austria Russian society in the seventeenth century was characterized by a highly oppressive system of serfdom. Which of the following statements best applies to Peter the Great of Russia? His program of Europeanization was predominantly technical and aimed at modernizing the military Peter the Great's foreign policy had as its primary goal Window to the West Scandinavia in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries witnessed Sweden become a second-rate power after the Great Northern War In 1529 and again in 1683, Vienna was seriously threatened by Ottoman Empire The political institution known as the Sejm made seventeenth-century Poland an impotent, decentralized state. The "sleeping giant" of Eastern Europe in the first half of the seventeenth century was ottoman empire The "Golden Age" of the Dutch Republic in the seventeenth century witnessed b and c James I of England alienated most of the members of Parliament by insisting on his right to govern through Divine Right The Petition of Right (1628), among other things maintained that the King could pass no new tax without the consent of Parliament. The Parliamentarians were successful in the English Civil War becausee of the effectiveness of Oliver Cromwell's New Model Army. During the period of the English Commonwealth, the Lord Protector relied upon the army to maintain his rule The "Glorious Revolution" in 1688 in England was significant for bloodlessly deposing James II in favor of Williamof Orange. The incident that prompted the nobles to depose James II was the birth of a Catholic son The English Bill of Rights laid the foundation for a constitutional monarchy Thomas Hobbes stated that mankind was animalistic, and needed a strong government to maintain social order John Locke was responsible for emphasizing the social contract between the people and government The artistic movement Mannerism reached its peak with the work of El Greco Baroque art attempted to blend the feelings of the religiousreformations with classical Renaissance art The Baroque painter who used violent motion, heavily fleshed nudes, and dramatic use of light and shadow, and rich sensuous pigments in his paintings was Peter Paul Rubens The greatest figure of Baroque art was Gian Lorenzo Bernini The patriotic enthusiasm and pride of the English during the Elizabeth era is best characterized by the plays of William Shakespeare The first female painter admitted to the Guild of St. Luke in Haarlem and who painted scenes of everyday life was Judith Leyster The Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn was noted for being the one great Protestant painter of the seventeenth century. The French playwright Moliére is noted for all of the following except perfecting neoclassical tragedy