SAUNDERS COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW FOR THE
NCLEX-PN® EXAMINATION, 8TH EDITION
AUTHOR BY LINDA ANNE SILVESTRI, PHD, RN,
FAAN AND ANGELA SILVESTRI, PHD, APRN, FNP-
BC, CNE
which statement by a nursing student about Kohlberg's theory of moral development indicates the need for further teaching about the theory? a) individuals move through all six stages in a sequential fashion
b) moral development progresses in relation to cognitive development
c) a person's ability to make moral judgments develops over a period of time
d) it provides a framework for understanding how individuals determine a moral code to guide his or her behavior Ans: a) individuals move through all six stages in a sequential fashion rationale
Kohlberg's theory states that individuals move through the six stages of development in a sequential fashion but that not everyone reaches stages 5 or 6 as part of their development of personal morality. the other options are correct statements regarding Kohlberg's theory
the parents of an 8-year-old child tell the nurse that they are concerned about the child because the child seems to be more attentive to friends than anyone else.
which is the appropriate nursing response? a) you need to be concerned b) you need to monitor the child's behavior closely c) at this age, the child is developing his or her own personality d) you need to praise the child more often to stop this behavior Ans: c) at this age, the child is developing his or her own personality rationale according to Erikson, at ages 7 to 12 years, the child begins to move toward receiving support from peers and friends and away from that of parents. the child also begins to develop special interests that reflect his or her own developing personality instead of those of the parents.
therefore, the other options identify incorrect responses
the parents of a 4-year-old child tell the nurse that they are concerned because the child has been masturbating.
which is the appropriate response by the nurse? a) this is a normal behavior at this age b) children usually begin this behavior at the age of 8 years c) this is not normal behavior. the child should be brought to the mental health clinic
d) the child is very young to begin this behavior and should be brought to the mental health clinic Ans: a) this is a normal behavior at this age rationale
according to Freud's psychosexual stages of development, the child is in the phallic stage between the ages of 3 and 6 years. at this time, the child devotes much energy to examining his or her genitalia, masturbating, and expressing interest in sexual concerns. therefore, the other options are incorrect.
the nurse is providing instructions to a new parent regarding the psychosocial development of the
infant. using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, which instruction should the nurse reinforce to
the parents? a) allow the infant to signal a need
b) anticipate all of the needs of the infant c) attend to the crying infant immediately d) avoid the infant during the first 10 minutes of crying Ans: a) allow the infant to signal a need rationale
according to Erikson, the caregiver should not try to anticipate the infant's needs at all times but rather allow the infant to signal his or her needs. if an infant is not allowed to signal a need, he or she will not learn how to control the environment. Erikson believed that a delayed or prolonged response to an infant's signal would inhibit the development of trust and lead to the mistrust of others. therefore, the remaining options are incorrect
the parent of a 3-year-old tells the nurse that the child is constantly rebelling and having temper tantrums. which instruction should the nurse reinforce to the parent?
NCLEX-PN® EXAMINATION, 8TH EDITION
AUTHOR BY LINDA ANNE SILVESTRI, PHD, RN,
FAAN AND ANGELA SILVESTRI, PHD, APRN, FNP-
BC, CNE
which statement by a nursing student about Kohlberg's theory of moral development indicates the need for further teaching about the theory? a) individuals move through all six stages in a sequential fashion
b) moral development progresses in relation to cognitive development
c) a person's ability to make moral judgments develops over a period of time
d) it provides a framework for understanding how individuals determine a moral code to guide his or her behavior Ans: a) individuals move through all six stages in a sequential fashion rationale
Kohlberg's theory states that individuals move through the six stages of development in a sequential fashion but that not everyone reaches stages 5 or 6 as part of their development of personal morality. the other options are correct statements regarding Kohlberg's theory
the parents of an 8-year-old child tell the nurse that they are concerned about the child because the child seems to be more attentive to friends than anyone else.
which is the appropriate nursing response? a) you need to be concerned b) you need to monitor the child's behavior closely c) at this age, the child is developing his or her own personality d) you need to praise the child more often to stop this behavior Ans: c) at this age, the child is developing his or her own personality rationale according to Erikson, at ages 7 to 12 years, the child begins to move toward receiving support from peers and friends and away from that of parents. the child also begins to develop special interests that reflect his or her own developing personality instead of those of the parents.
therefore, the other options identify incorrect responses
the parents of a 4-year-old child tell the nurse that they are concerned because the child has been masturbating.
which is the appropriate response by the nurse? a) this is a normal behavior at this age b) children usually begin this behavior at the age of 8 years c) this is not normal behavior. the child should be brought to the mental health clinic
d) the child is very young to begin this behavior and should be brought to the mental health clinic Ans: a) this is a normal behavior at this age rationale
according to Freud's psychosexual stages of development, the child is in the phallic stage between the ages of 3 and 6 years. at this time, the child devotes much energy to examining his or her genitalia, masturbating, and expressing interest in sexual concerns. therefore, the other options are incorrect.
the nurse is providing instructions to a new parent regarding the psychosocial development of the
infant. using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, which instruction should the nurse reinforce to
the parents? a) allow the infant to signal a need
b) anticipate all of the needs of the infant c) attend to the crying infant immediately d) avoid the infant during the first 10 minutes of crying Ans: a) allow the infant to signal a need rationale
according to Erikson, the caregiver should not try to anticipate the infant's needs at all times but rather allow the infant to signal his or her needs. if an infant is not allowed to signal a need, he or she will not learn how to control the environment. Erikson believed that a delayed or prolonged response to an infant's signal would inhibit the development of trust and lead to the mistrust of others. therefore, the remaining options are incorrect
the parent of a 3-year-old tells the nurse that the child is constantly rebelling and having temper tantrums. which instruction should the nurse reinforce to the parent?
