PAEA Pediatrics EOR Topics Exam Questions and Answers

PAEA Pediatrics EOR Topics Exam Questions and Answers what is the MC conjunctivitis seen in children? what is the cause? source? - ANSWER viral conjunctivitis; Adenovirus; swimming pools Dx? preauricular lymphadenopathy, copious watery eye discharge, scanty mucoid discharge, usually unilateral with punctate staining on slit lamp examination; Tx? - ANSWER dx: viral conjunctivitis tx: supportive (cool compresses, artificial tears) +/- antihistamines for itching (Olopatadine) Dx? bilateral eye itching, tearing, redness, string discharge, chemosis (conjunctival swelling) with cobblestone appearance to inner/upper eyelids; Tx? - ANSWER dx: allergic conjunctivitis tx: topical antihistamines (H1 blockers) (Olopatadine, Pheniramine/Naphazoline, Emedastine), topical NSAID (ketorolac), topical corticosteroids (but s/e of long term use = glaucoma, cataracts, HSV keratitis) Dx? purulent eye discharge, lid crusting, no visual changes, absence of ciliary injection; Tx? - ANSWER dx: bacterial conjunctivitis (MC S. aureus, Strep pneumo, H. influenzae) tx: topical abx (erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides); if contact lens wearer cover for pseudomonas w/ fluoroquinolone or aminoglycoside if bacterial conjunctivitis is found to be chlamydia or gonorrhea what is the tx? - ANSWER admit for IV and topical abx (ophtho emergency) -gonoccoccal: IV ceftriaxone + topical -chlamydia: IV azithromycin neonatal conjunctivitis is aka? if left untreated can develop what? - ANSWER ophthalmia neonatorum; corneal ulceration, opacification/scarring, visual impairment/blindness standard prophylaxis given immediately after birth to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) includes: - ANSWER erythromycin ointment, tetracycline ointment, silver nitrate, or povidone-iodine if ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) develops on day 1 after birth what is the most likely cause? day 2-5? day 5-7? day 7-11? - ANSWER day 1: silver nitrate (chemical cause- prophylaxis is what can cause the condition) day 2-5: gonococcal