NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED TO PASS

6 components of a Neurological examination - 1. Mental status 2. Cranial Nerves 3.Moto exam 4. Reflexes 5. Sensory exam 6. Coordination and gait In every neurological examination you ned to - assess (speech) Inspect (facial movements and symmetry) Observe (swallowing and breathing) If during the history it is suggested of CN injury - examine all 10 CN If during the history it is suggested of spinal injury - test all sensory function If during the history it is suggested of cerebral injury - test memory, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia 11 points to assess in the mental status examination - 1. Level of alertness,attention and cooperation 2. Orientation for time, place, and person 3. Speech and language 4. Memory for immediate, recent, and remote events 5. Calculations and right/left orientation, finger agnosia, and agraphia 6. Apraxia 7. Constructions and neglect 8. Logic and abstractions 9. Sequencing tasks and frontal release signs 10. Delusions and Hallucinations 11. Mood Level of alertness,attention and cooperation - MMSE (mini-mental status exam Normal 26-30, 9 sever deficit) Alert: vigile Leathery: latargico Obtundation: ottudimento (gentle shake) Stupor: stuporoso (painful stimuli will arouse) Coma: coma Types of Speech and language to assess - spontaneous Comprehension Naming Repetition Reading Writing Apraxia - inability to complete simple motor tasks Hemineglect - lack of attention to one side of body and world. Not due to a primary sensory or motor disturbance Ideomotor apraxia - unable to pretend to do simple tasks (example brushing hair) Preservation - repeating a pattern of behavior (seen often in dementia) Hallucination - False sensory perceptions that are not in response to an external stimulus Delusion - A false belief or opinion of one's self CN I - Olfactory Noxious stimulus are sensed by CN V CN II - optic Color (specifically red) and acuity Pupil reactivity (direct and consensual) light and accommodation Sympathetic dilates (Cocaine) Para sympathetic contracts (heroin) CN III, IV, VI - eye movement Draw H at extremities look for nystagmus