NEURO QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED TO PASS

What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA)? what is it caused by? - sudden, brief episodes of neurological dysfunction; focal cerebral ischemia(reduced blood flow) what is a transient ischemic attack a warning sign of? - an impending stroke recovery for transient ischemic attack is ______________, but are often ___________ - complete; recurrent manifestations of transient ischemic attack - vertigo(spinning sensation) diplopia(double vision) dysphagia(difficulty swallowing) dysarthria(slurred speech) ataxia(loss of full control of body movements) what is the goal of treatment for a transient ischemic attack - to prevent a stroke surgical management for transient ischemic attack - carotid endarterectomy what is a stroke and what is it caused by - changes in normal blood supply to the brain; hypertension, cigarette smoking, ateriovenous malformation embryonic what is arteriovenous malformation embryonic - tangled collection of dilated vessels without capillary network in utero What is an ischemic stroke? - caused by occlusion(blockage) of a cerebral or carotid artery by either a thrombus or an embolus what is a hemorrhagic stroke? - occurs secondary to a ruptured artery or aneurysm; slowest recovery of all strokes anticoagulants are never administered to a patient with a - hemorrhagic stroke who does an intracerebral hemorrhage usually effect? and when? and what is the most common cause? - seen in older adults with sustained hypertension, often occurs suddenly when person is engaged in activity, hypertension is most common cause who does a subarachnoid hemorrhage usually effect? what is it? - more commonly seen in younger individuals; it is bleeding into subarachnoid space that is SUDDEN What reduces the risk of stroke - early recognition and treatment of carotid stenosis and treatment of transient ischemic attacks with antiplatelet agents deficits that occur after a stroke - hemiparesis(weakness), hemiplegia(paralysis), aphasia(speech comprehension and speech production), dysarthria(articulation) disturbance in muscular control of speech, dsyphagia, agnosia(decreased ability to recognize familiar objects through senses), incontinence(bowel and bladder) 3 types of paralysis - quadriplegia(NECK DOWN), hemiplegia(VERTICALLY ONE SIDE) , paraplegia(WAIST DOWN) the left cerebral hemisphere is responsible for .... - language, mathematic skills, analytical thinking What is aphasia? - inability to speak and understand language expressive aphasia is? and what is the other name for it? - when the client can understand what he/she is being told but can only verbally answer with short phrases' Brocas aphasia receptive aphasia is? and what is the other name for it? - a sensory speech problem in which one cannot understand the spoken or written word. speech may be fluent but with inappropriate content; also called wernicke's sign What is agnosia? - unable to recognize familiar objects what is alexia - reading difficulty