NEURO EXAM 1QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+

Apraxia - inability to make a motor plan, as a result of brain damage. Ataxia - lack of muscle coordination Aphasia - impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impairing understanding). 1 olfactory - Making client smell something pleasant front of brain 2 optic - thalamus - test visual acuity (Snellen chart, or # of fingers) front of brain 3 Oculomotor - thalamus - looking up, in and left to right midbrain 4 Trochlear - midbrain - cross eyes into nose 5. Trigeminal - pons - - Dull vs light sensation in: Opthalmic (forehead) Maxillary (Cheek)Mandibular (Jawline) - Have the patient open and close mouth (feel around temporomandibular joint) 6 Abducens - pons- looking laterally (left and right) 7 Facial - controls most facial expressions secretion of tears & saliva taste pons - Test facial symmetry - Taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue - smile - wrinkle forehead 8 Vestibulocochlear - hearing and equilibrium pons (acoustic) - Whisper test - Rinne Test - Weber Test 9 Glossopharyngeal - medulla - Gag reflex- Taste on posterior 1/3 of the tongue - not gagging is a sign of lesion 10 Vagus - medulla - - Say "aah" - Talk to see if uvula deviates to one side 11 Spinal Accessory - controls trapezius & sternocleidomastoid controls swallowing movements spinal cord - shoulder shrug against resistance medulla 12 Hypoglossal - medulla - stick tongue straight out - will deviate if there is a lesion Somatosensory pathways - Posterior column pathways: Proprioception, vibration, fine touch - Primary afferent sensory information is coming in from the dorsal roots then travels to the ipsilateral white matter columns and ascends all the way to dorsal column nuclei in the medulla then it will synapse onto a second sensory neuron that crosses over to the other side of the medulla and that axon will continue to ascend now on the contralateral synapse on the thalamus will then project up to the primary somatosensory cortex