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Samenvatting Cellen en weefsels

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Deze samenvatting gaat over het onderwerp cellen en weefsels (basis)

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Anatomie en Fysiologie college cellen en weefsels (online 13-09-17)
Van cel tot organisme
Functie van de cel en celorganellen
Anatomie van de cellen
Functie en anatomie van weefsels

De cel
- Plasmamembraan of celmembraan
- Cytosol en cytoplasma
- Celorganellen en celkern
- Celdeling
Alles in de cel-> intercellulair
Alles buiten de cel-> extracellulair

Plasmamembraan
 Bestaat uit twee lagen fosfolipiden
 Deze lagen bevatten eiwitten en suikermoleculen
 Functie van eiwitten
 Kanaaleiwitten<> transport van elektrolyten -> geladen deeltjes of ionen zoals natrium-,
kalium-, en chloor ionen.

Inademen en uitademen gaat zonder energie. Cellen hebben energie nodig om hun functies uit te
voeren.

Fosfolipide:
 Kop en staart
 Kop is hydrofiel -> liefde voor water
 Staart is lipofiel of hydrofoob -> lipofiel houdt van vetten.

Cytosol= vloeistof in de cel
Cytoplasma= vloeistof in de cel en celorganellen.

Celorganellen:

Mitochondriën-> Energiecentrales in de cel, ze zorgen ervoor dat glucose omgezet wordt tot energie,
water. Maken cel brandstof. Spelen een rol bij aerobe ademhaling. Aeroob -> in aanwezigheid van
zuurstof wordt glucose verbrand tot brandstof of ATP-> adenosinetrifosfaat (nucleotide)
Veel mitochondriën worden gevonden in het lichaam waar veel energie nodig is.

Ribosomen-> Korrels in het cytosol, hier worden eiwitten gemaakt uit aminozuren.
Eiwitten:
- Enzymen: versnellen biologische en chemische reacties in de cel
- Hormonen
- Signaaleiwitten: neurotransmitters
- Functionele eiwitten
- Transporteiwitten
Essentieel voor het organisme om te functioneren.

Connected book
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Publisher: december 2012 ISBN: 9780702046599 Edition: 11

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