MCAS Practice Test

The soybean aphid was introduced to the United States in 2000. The aphid killed many soybean plants. In 2004, scientists discovered that some soybean plants were resistant to the aphid. This resistance was genetically based. The scientists wanted to determine whether the resistant trait in these soybean plants has a dominant inheritance pattern. Which of the following would provide the best evidence that the trait is dominant? - Answer- A resistant plant and a plant that is not resistant are crossed, and all of the offspring are resistant. The model represents the reaction that occurs when plants make sugar. (cellular respiration) - Answer- light energy Which of the following statements best describes how an increase in the size of a mammal population could be related to a large surplus of food? - Answer- With enough to eat, more females are healthy and the birth rate increases. Which of the following would be most useful in determining how modern-day lions, tigers, and domestic cats are related? - Answer- comparing amino acid sequences of a specific protein from each species A composter speeds up the decomposition of dead plant material. The illustration below shows a person putting plant material into a composter. - Answer- Carbon dioxide is released to the atmosphere. Which two body systems carry signals from one part of the body to another part of the body? - Answer- circulatory and nervous The brown lemming is another type of lemming that lives in the arctic. Brown lemmings and collared lemmings are closely related species. Which of the following describes how scientists can best study the differences between these two species? - Answer- Determine the genome of each lemming species and look for differences. Scientists studied genetic variation in collared lemming populations that live in different locations. Scientists found that there was less genetic variation than expected between two of the lemming populations. Which of the following most likely resulted in less genetic variation between these two populations? - Answer- There was interbreeding between the two populations. How can adaptation help an animal from it's prey. - Answer- They can easily camouflage; changing fur can hide from predators, survive and reproduce Mutations can change an organism's phenotype by directly affecting which of the following? - Answer- nucleic acid sequence