NR546 / NR 546 ACTUAL MIDTERM EXAM
What should the PMHNP consider when prescribing chemical restraints?
-allergy status
-prior med hx for adverse drug reactions r/t the meds ordered in the chemical
restraint
-state regulations regarding chemical restrains must be reviewed
Are the PMHNP and other staff liable if the client has an allergic reaction or adverse
side effects to the drugs used for chemical restraint?
No.
The client has been court-ordered to take the prescribed medications and the
standing order for chemical restraints is approved. The PMHNP and other staff are
not liable if the patient has an allergic reaction or adverse side effects.
How does reviewing the genetic makeup of a client help guide the PMHNP in
selecting medication for clients?
-Genetic testing can assist by providing more information on how clients may
respond to certain psychotropic medications
-provides information on how a client may break down and metabolize medications
based on the cytochrome P450 system.
Tanrıkulu and Erbaş (2020) investigated identical twins to determine the presence of
an inherited link for schizophrenia and why one twin may develop schizophrenia
when the other does not. When two people have 100% identical DNA, why don't
both persons develop the exact illnesses? Studies of identical Danish twins found
that if one twin had schizophrenia, the other twin had a 50% lifetime risk of
developing schizophrenia (Lemvigh et al., 2020). Why is there only half the risk?
,Both environmental and psychosocial stressors can impact mental health. Although
twins may have identical genes, their gene expression may be different.
There may be an environmental exposure that turned a gene "on" that should have
been "off" for one twin to develop schizophrenia and not the other.
central sulcus
separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe
frontal lobe
associated with movement, intelligence, abstract thinking
broca's area
speech production
temporal lobe
involves object identification and auditory signals
cerebellum
coordination
wernicke's area
speech comprehension
occipital lobe
,primary visual area
parietal lobe
keeps us alert to what is going on around us
sensory cortex
pain, heat, and other sensations
motor cortex
movement
hippocampus
involved in both memory and anxiety
nucleus accumbens
involved in the reward process
thalamus
involved in sensory organ and motor command processing
striatum
involved in complex motor actions, also links cognition to motor actions
limbic system
, includes circuits that are associated with pleasure and reward
basal ganglia
group of structures involved in voluntary motor movements
amygdala
involved in emotional regulation and perception of odors
corpus callosum
controls the communication between the two brain hemispheres
white matter
contains nerve fibers that connect neurons from different regions into functional
circuits
grey matter
contains nerve cells and dendrites
brain tissue
made up of grey matter and white matter
dorsal striatum
involved in complex motor actions and linkage of cognition to motor actions
-main input area for basal ganglia
*activated when anticipating or engaging in pleasure
What should the PMHNP consider when prescribing chemical restraints?
-allergy status
-prior med hx for adverse drug reactions r/t the meds ordered in the chemical
restraint
-state regulations regarding chemical restrains must be reviewed
Are the PMHNP and other staff liable if the client has an allergic reaction or adverse
side effects to the drugs used for chemical restraint?
No.
The client has been court-ordered to take the prescribed medications and the
standing order for chemical restraints is approved. The PMHNP and other staff are
not liable if the patient has an allergic reaction or adverse side effects.
How does reviewing the genetic makeup of a client help guide the PMHNP in
selecting medication for clients?
-Genetic testing can assist by providing more information on how clients may
respond to certain psychotropic medications
-provides information on how a client may break down and metabolize medications
based on the cytochrome P450 system.
Tanrıkulu and Erbaş (2020) investigated identical twins to determine the presence of
an inherited link for schizophrenia and why one twin may develop schizophrenia
when the other does not. When two people have 100% identical DNA, why don't
both persons develop the exact illnesses? Studies of identical Danish twins found
that if one twin had schizophrenia, the other twin had a 50% lifetime risk of
developing schizophrenia (Lemvigh et al., 2020). Why is there only half the risk?
,Both environmental and psychosocial stressors can impact mental health. Although
twins may have identical genes, their gene expression may be different.
There may be an environmental exposure that turned a gene "on" that should have
been "off" for one twin to develop schizophrenia and not the other.
central sulcus
separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe
frontal lobe
associated with movement, intelligence, abstract thinking
broca's area
speech production
temporal lobe
involves object identification and auditory signals
cerebellum
coordination
wernicke's area
speech comprehension
occipital lobe
,primary visual area
parietal lobe
keeps us alert to what is going on around us
sensory cortex
pain, heat, and other sensations
motor cortex
movement
hippocampus
involved in both memory and anxiety
nucleus accumbens
involved in the reward process
thalamus
involved in sensory organ and motor command processing
striatum
involved in complex motor actions, also links cognition to motor actions
limbic system
, includes circuits that are associated with pleasure and reward
basal ganglia
group of structures involved in voluntary motor movements
amygdala
involved in emotional regulation and perception of odors
corpus callosum
controls the communication between the two brain hemispheres
white matter
contains nerve fibers that connect neurons from different regions into functional
circuits
grey matter
contains nerve cells and dendrites
brain tissue
made up of grey matter and white matter
dorsal striatum
involved in complex motor actions and linkage of cognition to motor actions
-main input area for basal ganglia
*activated when anticipating or engaging in pleasure
