Biochemistry Final Exam - Portage Learning Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Biochemistry Final Exam - Portage Learning Questions and Answers 100% Pass True or False: According to the Module, a compound with a molecular mass of 1,000 g/mol is considered a macromolecule. False True or False: Biomolecules can have two or more different functional groups. True True or False: The following functional group is an amine. C2H5NH2 True True or False: In a eukaryotic cell, the organelles called peroxisomes serve the purpose of digesting macromolecules. False True or False: Carbon dioxide has a linear molecular shape AND has a bond angle of 109.5o. False Of the following, ____________ is not a property of carbon. Forming ionic bonds Forming cyclic structures Forming multiple bonds Forming bonds with oxygen Bonding in long chains Forming ionic bonds Which of the following is an element not typically found in living organisms? Br Ca H S Na Br _____________ is a functional group found in carbohydrates. Alcohols The following functional group is an example of _________. Ch3COCH2CH3 Ketone A ___________ is a chemical formula that shows how the atoms of a molecule are bonded to one another. Kekule' structure A collection of two or more macromolecules uniting is called a _______. Supramolecular Complex An organic compound with this structure, C=C, contains a ________ functional group. Alkene What element has been called the "super glue" of the chemical world? C What molecule is the most important for energy storage in cells? ATP What would be the approximate size of a human cell? 12 μm 1 nm 15 nm 0.2 inch 15 cm 12 μm For pentane, there are________ carbon and ________hydrogen atoms. 5, 12 For an organic compound, which structure is the most efficient to draw? Line bond When writing an organic functional group, scientists often write an "R" as part of the structure. What does the R indicate? Rest of the molecule According to the module, the study of carbon compounds is referred to as _____. Organic Chemistry The ___________ functional group was NOT discussed in this module. Alcohol Amine Aromatic Thiol All of these were discussed All of these were discussed Which number would be closest to the approximate number of ribosomes in an E. coli cell? 9 38 400 1500 26,000 26,000 Which of the following would most likely have a cell wall? Monkey cells Snake cells Red algae cells Human red blood cells All of the above Red algae cells Eukaryotes have molecules that provide a protective structure. This network, which is found in all eukaryotes, is called the _____________. Cytoskeleton What is the molecule responsible for gout? Uric acid About how many different elements are found in living organisms? 30 (Short response) Explain the common similarity in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Explain the similarity in at least two sentences. The fundamental similarity is that each cell type has a plasma membrane that separates life from non-life. The plasma membrane acts as a barrier to most molecules but does have proteins that permit select molecules to cross via proteins (transporters). The plasma membrane permits the cell to have a different composition of molecules inside the cell than out and defines a space for life to occur. (Short response) Would a scientist be more likely to find an element such as O in a biomolecule, or W? Explain which she would more likely find in a biological molecule and give specific physical/chemical properties. She would more likely find O. Smaller elements are preferred. In the case of O, it is found in water, so it would be highly concentrated. Smaller elements with smaller atomic shells are favored because they can form stable covalent bonds. Strong bonds form by significant overlap of atoms, such as carbon and hydrogen permitting them to share electrons. The bond that forms requires a substantial amount of energy to break, which allows the bonds to withstand insults, such as mechanical and thermal stresses. This bond strength is good news for living organisms. Stable bonds allow cells to form, hair to grow, and skin to protect against abrasion. Larger elements, such as W, tend to form ionic compounds-not covalent. (Short response) Describe at least three properties of carbon that permit it to be the basis of life. 1. Carbon can form strong covalent bonds with a variety of different elements. 2. Besides, carbon can form double and triple bonds with other carbon atoms and other elements (N and O). 3. Carbon can form long chains by forming numerous carbon-carbon bonds; we call these large molecules polymer. 4. Lastly, carbon can form cyclic structures, which are also called ring compounds. (Short response) What the definition of inorganic chemistry? How does it differ from organic chemistry? Inorganic chemistry is the study of all other elements, but carbon. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based compounds both in living and non-living organisms. There is no need to have separate sub-disciples for organic and inorganic chemistry, but for historical and organizational reasons, the difference exists. (Short response) Biochemists study the communication within and among organisms. According to the module, what are two other aspects of living organisms that biochemists study? In the module, biochemists also study the structure and function of biomolecules and the chemical reactions of organisms.