HESI HINTS Questions And Answers 2023 A+

HESI HINTS Questions And Answers 2023 A+ What is ARDS - ANS-Unexpected, catastrophic pulmonary complication occurring in a person with no previous pulmonary problems Where are patients with ARDS managed - ANS-Intensive care setting bc they are critically ill and have a 50% mortality rate How do you prevent complications of clients in mechanical ventilation with ARDS - ANS-HOB 30 degrees Sedation vacation Oral hygiene Mobilization programs When is the only time you should suction - ANS-When secretions are present Where do you draw ABGS from - ANS-Radial artery What do you need to do before drawing ABG's - ANS-Allen test How do you do a allens test - ANS-Occlude the radial and ulnar artery until the hand blanches. Release the ulnar artery. If flushing occurs then you have a positive allens rest and the radial artery can be used What do you do if you get a negative allens test - ANS-Try the other arm What does a allens test ensure - ANS-Collateral circulation to the hand if thrombosis was to occur following the puncture What are the 4 classic signs of acute respiratory failure in children - ANS- What is the preferred classification for pain relief - ANS-Narcotic analgesics bc they bind to the various opiate receptor sites in the CNS What is the preferred medication for pain relief - ANS-Morphine What do you have to keep in mind with morphine - ANS-It causes respiratory depression What can a fever cause - ANS-1. Dehydration bc of excessive fluid loss due to diaphoresis 2. Increase in metabolism and demand for O2 What clients are at a high risk for pneumonia - ANS-1. Altered LOC 2. Depressed or absent gag and cough reflex 3. Susceptible to aspirating secretions 4. Brain injury 5. Drug overdose 6. Stoke victims 7. Immunocompromised Where are bronchial breath sounds heard - ANS-Over areas of density or consolidation What does hydration do - ANS-Thins out mucus trapped in the bronchioles and alveoli What is hydration important for - ANS-Fevers How much fluid is lost daily through evaporation through the lungs - ANS-300-400 mL What are early signs of cerebral hypoxia - ANS-Irritability Restlessness How do you prevent pneumonia in older adults - ANS-Flu shot Pneumonia vaccination Avoid source of infections and indoor pollutants No smoking How do you prevent pneumonia in immunosuppressed and debilitate people - ANS- What should a umbilical cord have - ANS-1 vein 2 arteries What does the vein in the umbilical cord do - ANS-Carries oxygenated blood to the fetus What does the arteries in the umbilical cord do - ANS-Carries deoxygenated blood back to the placenta What do cord abnormalities usually indicate - ANS-Cardiovascular or renal abnormalities What should close once the fetus is born - ANS-Foramen ovule Ductus arteriosus Ductus venosus What happens of the structures do not close at birth - ANS-Cardiac and pulmonary compromise will develop When do the infant reflexes usually disappear - ANS-Within the first year of life What does hypothermia in a newborn cause - ANS-Depletion of glucose and the use of brown fat that is important for thermoregulation for energy What does the use of brown fat with hypothermia in the newborn cause - ANSKetoacidosis Shock When does physiologic jaundice occur in a newborn - ANS-At 2-3 days of life What is it called if jaundice occurs before 24 hours or persist beyond 7 days - ANSPathologic jaundice What causes physiologic jaundice - ANS-Immature livers normal ability to keep up with RBC destruction and to bind to bilirubin Continues...